On the Protection By the Combination of Ceo2 Nanoparticles and Sodium Selenite on Human Lymphocytes Against Chlorpyrifos-Induced Apoptosis in Vitro

Objective: chlorpyrifos (cp) as an organophosphorus pesticide is thought to induce oxidativestress in human cells via producing reactive oxygen species (ros) that leads tothe presence of pathologic conditions due to apoptosis along with acetylcholinesterase(ache) inhibition.this study aimed to evaluate the apoptotic effects of cp and to assessthe protective potential of ceo2 nanoparticle (cnp) and sodium selenite (sse) by measuringcascades of apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and ache inhibition in humanisolated lymphocytes.materials and methods: in the present experimental study, we examined the anti-oxidativeand ache activating potential of cnp and sse in cp-treated human lymphocytes.therefore, the lymphocytes were isolated and exposed to cp, cp+cnp, cp+sse, andcp+cnp+sse after a three-day incubation. then tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-?) release,myeloperoxidase (mpo) activity, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (tbars)levels as inflammatory/oxidative stress indices along with ache activity were assessed.in addition, the apoptotic process was measured by flow cytometry.results: results showed a significant reduction in the mortality rate, tnf-?, mpo activity,tbars, and apoptosis rate in cells treated with cnp, sse and their combination. interestingly,both cnp and sse were able to activate ache which is inhibited by cp. the resultssupported the synergistic effect of cnp/sse combination in the prevention of apoptosisalong with oxidative stress and inflammatory cascade.conclusion: cp induces apoptosis in isolated human lymphocytes via oxidativestress and inflammatory mediators. cp firstly produces ros, which leads to membranephospholipid damage. the beneficial effects of cnp and sse in reduction ofcp-induced apoptosis and restoring ache inhibition relate to their anti-oxidative potentials.