Effects of Perivitelline Fluid Obtained From Horseshoe Crab on the Proliferation and Genotoxicity of Dental Pulp Stem Cells

Objective: perivitelline fluid (pvf) of the horseshoe crab embryo has been reported topossess an important role during embryogenesis by promoting cell proliferation. thisstudy aims to evaluate the effect of pvf on the proliferation, chromosome aberration (ca)and mutagenicity of the dental pulp stem cells (dpscs).materials and methods: this is an in vitro experimental study. pvf samples werecollected from horseshoe crabs from beaches in malaysia and the crude extract wasprepared. dpscs were treated with different concentrations of pvf crude extract inan 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (mtt) assay (cytotoxicitytest). we choose two inhibitory concentrations (ic50 and ic25) and two pvfconcentrations which produced more cell viability compared to a negative control(100%) for further tests. quantitative analysis of the proliferation activity of pvf wasstudied using the alamarblue® assay for 10 days. population doubling times (pdts)of the treatment groups were calculated from this assay. genotoxicity was evaluatedbased on the ca and ames tests. statistical analysis was carried out using independentt test to calculate significant differences in the pdt and mitotic indices in the catest between the treatment and negative control groups. significant differences in thedata were p < 0.05.results: a total of four pvf concentrations retrieved from the mtt assay were26.887 mg/ml (ic50), 14.093 mg/ml (ic25), 0.278 mg/ml (102% cell viability) and 0.019mg/ml (102.5% cell viability). according to the alamarblue® assay, these pvf groupsproduced comparable proliferation activities compared to the negative (untreated)control. pdts between pvf groups and the negative control were insignificantly different(p > 0.05). no significant aberrations in chromosomes were observed in thepvf groups and the ames test on the pvf showed the absence of significant positiveresults.conclusion: pvf from horseshoe crabs produced insignificant proliferative activity ontreated dpscs. the pvf was non-genotoxic based on the ca and ames tests.