A new model for cultural-based emoticon in distributed collective interaction via CMC

Emoticons have become the prominent language,especially in distributed collective interaction via computer-mediated communication. this is because emoticons are capable to avoid misunderstanding of the message content,save the attention to optimum and improved the communications among different native speakers. however,as emoticons been widely used in distributed collective interaction where the participants may come from different geography and culture,the study of emoticons in cultural perspective are still less. besides that,there are also demand for the cultural-based emoticons to be developed particularly for culture that are different from the culture of developer. since emoticons are crucial in global communication,culture should be one of the extensively research aspect in distributed collective interaction. therefore,this study attempt to explore and develop model for cultural-based emoticon by utilizing the 3 cultural models that have been used in human computer interaction studies which are the hall culture model,trompenaars and hampden turner culture model and hofstede culture model.