نقش میانجی‌گر استرس شغلی بر رابطه بین ذهن‌آگاهی ، توانمندی شناختی و استرس مرتبط با کووید-19 با پیامدهای مرتبط با عملکرد شغلی: یک مطالعه مقطعی درمورد مدیران بانکی

هدف: هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی رابطه ذهن­آگاهی ، توانمندی شناختی و استرس مرتبط با کووید-19 با رفتار نوآورانه کاری، عملکرد شغلی و رفتار شهروندی سازمانی مدیران بانکی با میانجی گری استرس شغلی در شرایط همه­گیری ویروس کرونا بود.روش: روش تحقیق حاضر از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر ماهیت و روش، توصیفی از نوع مطالعات همبستگی به روش تحلیل معادلات ساختاری بود. جامعه آماری تحقیق حاضر شامل تمامی مدیران بانکی خصوصی و غیرخصوصی در کشور ایران بودند که تعداد 318 نفر به روش نمونه­گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. آزمودنی­ها به پرسشنامه های ذهن­آگاهی هالشگر و آلبرتس(2021)، توانمندی شناختی نجاتی(1393)، رفتارنوآورانه کاری کراس(2004)، عملکرد شغلی ویلیام و اندرسون (1991)، رفتار شهروندی سازمانی اورگان و کانوسکی (1978)، استرس شغلی hse  (1990) و استرس مرتبط با کرونا علی پور و همکاران (1398) پاسخ دادند. داده ها با مدل ساختاری برآوردشده در نرم‌افزار ایموس مورد تحلیل قرار گرفتند.یافته ها: نتایج  نشان داد که در مدیران بانکی مورد مطالعه، رابطه معنی دار بین ذهن­آگاهی، توانمندی شناختی و استرس کرونا با متغیر استرس شغلی وجود دارد. همچنین رابطه معنی­دار  بین متغیر میانجی استرس شغلی با متغیرهای وابسته یعنی رفتار نوآورانه کاری، عملکرد شغلی و رفتار شهروندی سازمانی مورد تایید قرار گرفت. علاوه بر این، نقش میانجی­گری استرس شغلی در رابطه بین ذهن­آگاهی با عملکرد شغلی و رفتار شهروندی سازمانی و همچنین در رابطه بین توانمندی شناختی با عملکرد شغلی، رفتار شهروندی سازمانی و رفتار نوآورانه کاری و در رابطه بین استرس کرونا با رفتار شهروندی سازمانی، بررسی و معناداری آن تایید شد.

the mediating role of job stress on the relationships between mindfulness, cognitive ability, and stress related to covid-19 with job performance-related outcomes: a cross-sectional study on bank managers

introduction: during the outbreak of covid-19, work and its related issues have become one of the most basic and major sources of stress in people's life. this stress could have adverse effects on the way of working and the occupational and organizational performance of employees. during the covid-19 epidemic, banks were among the organizations that were less likely to include remote working conditions. moreover, because of providing social services to a large group of people, bank employees were at a higher risk of contracting the corona virus. in this era, organizations need to apply creativity and innovation in their organizational environment to keep pace with global changes and developments. the phenomenon of innovation, which means finding new methods and integrating different information to create a new idea, plays an important role in improving organizations. moreover, job performance, which refers to the extent to which an employee successfully complete his work activities and duties at a certain time, and organizational citizenship behavior, which refers to the voluntary and discretionary actions that an employee engage in to contribute to the functioning and effectiveness of an organization, are among other issues that need to be considered in organizations. therefore, considering the importance of these job performance outcomes more especially under the condition corona virus spread, it is necessary to examine the psychological factors related to these variables. the aim of the current research was to examine the relationships between mindfulness, cognitive abilities and stress related to covid-19 with innovative behavior, job performance, and organizational citizenship behavior through the mediating role of occupational stress. the related hypotheses were examined using a sample of bank managers during the covid-19 pandemic.method: the current research method was a cross-sectional correlational study with the structural equation modeling (sem) method. the statistical population of the current research consisted of all private and non-private bank managers in iran. among them, 318 managers were selected using the convenience sampling method. due to the absence of access to particular lists of bank employers, sampling was conducted using the non-probability convenience method. the subjects were asked to complete a series of questionnaires, including the mindfulness at work scale (hülsheger & alberts, 2021), cognitive ability questionnaire (najati, 2013), innovative work behavior questionnaire (krause, 2004), job performance scale (williams & anderson, 1991), organizational citizenship behavior questionnaire (organ & kanofsky, 1978), hse occupational stress scale of the health and safety institute of england steinmetz (1990), and the questionnaire of stress related to corona (alipour, et al., 2018). the study sample consisted of 57 women and 261 men, with a female participation rate of 18% and a male participation rate of 82%. the data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling (sem) technique in amos software.results: the results of the structural analysis indicate that the model exhibits a satisfactory fit. the results demonstrated that all relationships between predictor variables and the mediator were statistically significant. the results indicated a significant relationship between mindfulness and job stress (β=-0.43 and p=0.000), between cognitive ability and job stress (β=-0. 3 and p=0.003), and between stress related to covid-19 and job stress (β=0.09 and p=0.026). there was a significant relationship between job stress and innovative work behavior (β=-0.78 and p=0.000), job stress and job performance (β=-0.69 and p=0.000), and job stress and organizational citizenship behavior (β=-0.74 and p=0.000). furthermore, the mediating variable demonstrated a notable correlation with the predictor and dependent variables. specifically, the mediating role of job stress was found to influence the relationship between mindfulness with job performance (β=0.29 and p = 0.002) and organizational citizenship behavior (β = 0.31 and p = 0.002). additionally, the mediating role of job stress is significant in the relationships between cognitive ability with innovative work behavior (β = 0.25 and p = 0.005) with job performance (β = 0.22 and p = 0.007) and organizational citizenship performance (β=0.24 and p=0.006), and also in the relationship between stress related to covid-19 with organizational citizenship behavior (β=-0.06 and p=0.033).discussion and conclusion: the present study was designed to investigate the relationship between mindfulness, cognitive ability, and stress related to covid-19 with innovative work behaviors, job performance, and organizational citizenship behaviors of bank managers with the mediation of job stress during covid-19 pandemic condition. the findings of the present study regarding the relationship between mindfulness and job stress of bank managers confirm the findings of previous studies by badeleh shamooshaki (2021) and conversano et al. (2020). in elucidating this finding, it can be posited that mindfulness targets the specific type of focus and attention, as well as the manner in which individuals perceive and experience their environment, with the objective of thereby reducing their level of psychological tension. another finding demonstrated that cognitive abilities exhibited a negative and significant correlation with job stress among bank managers, aligning with the findings of mehrabi et al. (2021). cognitive ability enhances the level of mental processes, enabling individuals to engage in more rational thinking and action in emotionally charged and emotionally influenced situations (benedek & neubauer, 2013).additionally, the findings indicated a positive correlation between stress related to covid-19 and job stress, which is consistent with the results of previous studies (kumar & navneet badoni, 2020; dehghani et al., 2020). in light of the aforementioned evidence, it can be posited that the advent of the novel coronavirus has precipitated a climate of heightened anxiety and caution among managerial personnel, prompting them to adopt more risk-averse strategies to mitigate the risk of infection. this, in turn, has led to an increase in work-related tension (job stress). additionally, the findings suggest that job stress in the context of the corona outbreak is negatively and significantly associated with innovative work behaviors, job performance, and organizational citizenship behaviors among bank managers. these findings align with those of roohafzaei (2021). the detrimental emotional impact of job stress impedes the ability of individuals to utilize organizational information for the purpose of fostering creativity and innovation. furthermore, the creation of intellectual conflict impedes the ability to demonstrate optimal performance, prompting individuals to disengage from the work environment (dehghani et al., 2020).another finding demonstrated that job stress plays a mediating role in the relationship between mindfulness with job performance and organizational citizenship behavior. this finding aligns with those of previous studies conducted by dehghani et al. (2020) and conversano et al. (2020). a heightened state of mindfulness facilitates a greater degree of attention to the present moment, thereby reducing the experience of tension and the overall level of mental stress. the resulting relaxation also has the effect of improving people's activities in the work environment (conversano et al., 2020). furthermore, job stress serves to moderate the relationship between cognitive ability and a number of key performance indicators, including job performance, organizational citizenship behavior, and innovative work behavior. this finding aligns with the conclusions of the study by conversano et al. (2020). cognitive ability leads to intellectual engagement and further analysis of information, which reduces the level of emotions and increases the capacity of reasoning and logic of individuals. having more logic leads to improved job performance (mehrabi et al., 2021).finally, the results showed that stress related to covid-19 is related to the mediation of job stress on organizational citizenship behavior. this study is also consistent with the findings of the research conducted by kumar and navneet badoni (2020) and dehghani et al. (2020). in elucidating this finding, it can be posited that the psychological stress and physiological tension associated with getting infected by coronavirus can precipitate disruptions in an individual's functioning within the workplace.in light of the identified relationships, it is recommended that the level of mindfulness among managers in the country's banking network be evaluated initially. subsequently, in order to facilitate the most effective management of challenging circumstances, it is recommended that techniques, strategies, and methodologies designed to enhance mindfulness be taught to banking sector leaders. moreover, it is recommended that individuals who have undergone training be subject to periodic reviews and evaluations. additionally, the cross-sectional nature of the current research introduces a limitation in that it generates common variance. furthermore, the correlational nature of the data, rather than its causal nature, represents another limitation of the research. it is therefore recommended that future researchers investigate this issue in a longitudinal study.