potential methods to improve self-management in those with type 2 diabetes: a narrative review

Context: the ability of self-manage was important for type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm) patients and it was supported and depend on the method used. we aimed to summarize the potential method of self-management to improve self-empowerment. evidence acquisition: to obtain the related data, 5 databases, including scopus, science direct, proquest, cinahl, and sage, were comprehensively searched. the search was done in advance using the boolean operator. the full texts of articles presenting data on self-management methods were screened and retrieved. results: a total of 22 studies were included in this review. various self-management techniques were covered with primary and secondary outcomes. primary outcomes included blood pressure, fasting blood glucose (fbg), low-density lipoprotein (ldl), and high-density lipoprotein (hdl). secondary outcomes included knowledge, self-efficacy, lifestyle habits, physical activity, diet, smoking, medical treatment, support, and health behavior. a goal-setting-oriented approach was effective in setting targets and gaining support from family members. a family-centered approach was effective in taking care of and taking good care of patients with t2dm. strength training exercises provide patients with a choice of physical activity that can help them manage their blood sugar and blood pressure. acceptance and commitment therapy (act) is a stress-reduction technique. the patient’s acceptance of the disease and treatment for diabetes is aided by education. conclusions: a successful self-management method was one which balances and adapts to the patient's condition. regardless of the age of the patients, the overall findings from the review suggest that self-management methods can help patients become healthier and improve their quality of life by controlling their hemoglobin a1c (hba1c) level.