investigation of the functional proteins related to fertility in cattle’s endometrium by protein-protein interactions networks

Pregnancy loss is an important economic loss in cattle industry. this study was conducted to identify pre- and / or post-implantation genes and cellular algorithms. for this purpose, transcriptome data of endo-metrium tissue were analyzed. these data refer to three heifer categories: high fertile (hf), sub-fertile (sf) and infertile (if). after gene detection, genes were divided into two groups: up-expressed genes, which were up-regulated in every comparison of either favorable fertility cases or unfavorable fertility cases (hf vs. sf, hf vs. if, and sf vs. if), and down-expressed genes, which were down-regulated in the mentioned comparisons. string database was applied to construct protein-protein interaction (ppi) networks and clus-terone plugin was used to determine the significant sub-network. enrichment analysis, which involves the gene ontology and functional pathway, was performed to enrich the results. our results suggested that over-expression of shcbp1, nop14, pgm5, and dhx58 genes may have positive effect on the outcome of pregnancy, and down-expression of imp3, atp5o, and rpl7 genes could help the reproductive efficiency. the results of the present study showed that the genes in up-regulated clusters could manipulate epithelial differentiation, fundamental biological role, glucose metabolism, and immune response, which led to re-duced pregnancy loss. also the genes in down-regulated clusters may participate in the improvement of pregnancy outcome by inducing anti-apoptotic processes. this study proposes the pregnancy-associated key genes and pathways to improve pregnancy success in cattle and other domestic animals.