مطالعه جامعه شناختی رابطه مراقبت از سالمند در خانواده و افسردگی و اضطراب فرد مراقب (مطالعه موردی زنان متاهل مراقب سالمند در شهر لار)

ﻫﺪف: ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪان و واﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ و ﻧﯿﺎز آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ، ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﮔﺮوه و ﺳﻼﻣﺖ آﻧﻬﺎ از اﻫﻤﯿﺖ وﯾﮋه ای ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ از ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪان ﺑﺮ اﻓﺴﺮدﮔﯽ و اﺿﻄﺮاب زﻧﺎن ﻣﺮاﻗﺐ ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ و عوامل ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ ﺗﻀﺎد ﻧﻘﺶ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. روش: اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ، ﺑﻪ روش ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺶ در ﺑﯿﻦ 377 ﻧﻔﺮ از زﻧﺎن ﻣﺘﺎﻫﻞ ﻣﺮاﻗﺐ ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ در ﺳﺎل 1400 اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻓﺮﻣﻮل ﮐﻮﮐﺮان ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﺧﻄﺎی 5 درﺻﺪ، ﺗﻌﺪاد 377 ﻧﻔﺮ، ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪ و ﺑﺎ اﺑﺰار ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان اﺿﻄﺮاب و اﻓﺴﺮدﮔﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﯿﺎس اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد داس ﺳﻨﺠﯿﺪه و دادهﻫﺎ، ﺑﻪ وﺳﯿﻠﻪ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار اس ﭘﯽ اس اس و اﯾﻤﻮس ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 33/5 و 44/7 درﺻﺪ از ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﯿﻦ از اﻓﺴﺮدﮔﯽ و اﺿﻄﺮاب ﺧﻔﯿﻒ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﺷﺪﯾﺪ رﻧﺞ ﻣﯽﺑﺮﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪی ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻫﺎی ﺳﻦ، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻓﺮزﻧﺪ، ﻧﻮع ﻣﺬﻫﺐ، وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﯽ و داﺷﺘﻦ ﻫﻤﺮاه و ﮐﻤﮏ در ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ از ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ از ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻫﺎی ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﮔﺬار ﺑﺮ اﻓﺴﺮدﮔﯽ ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﯿﻦ و ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎی ﺳﻦ، ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻼت، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻓﺮزﻧﺪ، ﻧﻮع ﻣﺬﻫﺐ و وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﯽ ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ از ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻫﺎی ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ اﺿﻄﺮاب ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﯿﻦ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ و اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ زﻧﺎن ﻣﺮاﻗﺐ در اﻧﺴﺠﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده و ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ، ﻻزم اﺳﺖ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮی ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﮔﺮوه ﺻﻮرت ﮔﯿﺮد و ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ ﻫﺎی ﻣﺎدی و ﻣﻌﻨﻮی ﻻزم ﺟﻬﺖ ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ از اﯾﻦ ﮔﺮوه اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﻮد.

sociological study of the relationship between elderly care in the family and the depression and anxiety among caregiver (case study of women married elderly caregivers in lar city)

according to the united nations population the number of elderly people is steadily increasing. women are the major source of informal healthcare. majority of women might face depression and anxiety. the purpose of this study was to study the level of anxiety and depression and their relationship with some cultural and social factors among caregivers.data were collected from 377 married elderly caregivers by stratified proportional sampling method and analyzed by spss and amos software.depression and anxiety rates of the caregivers were assessed by short form of depression anxiety stress scale. the validity had measured by previous studies. also, in this study, we used face validity and its reliability has been obtained to be 85% by cronbach’s alpha in two parts.the results of this study showed that 33.5% and 44.7% of women caregivers endured mild to very severe depression and anxiety, respectively. regarding depression, the significant variables were: age, family support, religion, number of children, elderly physical condition and also, about anxiety, the significant variables was contained, education, age, family support, religion, number of children and elderly physical condition (p <0.005).more attention and support should be paid to this group and appropriate policies should be adopted regarding them. key word: informal caring, anxiety, depression, elderly population, women caregivers