بررسی تفاوت جنسیتی در ارتباط با عوامل موثر بر کارایی با تاکید بر سرمایه اجتماعی مطالعه موردی: سازمان تامین اجتماعی شهر شیراز

ﻫﺪف: ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻓﺰاﯾﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ راهﻫﺎی ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺧﻼﻗﯿﺖ و ﮐﺎرآﯾﯽ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﯾﺠﺎد و ﺑﺮوز زﻣﯿﻨﻪﻫﺎی ﺧﻼﻗﯿﺖ در اﻓﺮاد ﻣﯽﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ اﻣﺮ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ در ﺳﺎزﻣﺎنﻫﺎ را ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل دارد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻧﺸﺎن داده اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ زﻧﺎن و ﻣﺮدان ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﺗﻔﺎوتﻫﺎی ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ و اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﻧﺎﺑﺮاﺑﺮیﻫﺎی ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺘﯽ، دارای ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪی اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﻟﺬا ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺘﯽ در ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، در ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺷﯿﺮاز ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻣﻮاد و روشﻫﺎ: ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎری اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن رﺳﻤﯽ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ در ﺷﻬﺮ ﺷﯿﺮاز و ﺗﻌﺪاد 200 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن(زن و ﻣﺮد) ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺑﺎ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮی ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺳﺎده اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮای ﮔﺮدآوری دادهﻫﺎ از ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ و آزﻣﻮن ﻓﺮﺿﯿﻪﻫﺎ از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰارﻫﺎی spss و amos و روش ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎری، آرﻣﻮن ﻟﻮﯾﻦ وآزﻣﻮن t دو ﮔﺮوه ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﺎداری در ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪی اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ(کلی ) و اﺑﻌﺎد ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ وﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎری آن در ﺑﯿﻦ زﻧﺎن و ﻣﺮدان وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد، اﻣﺎ ﺑﯿﻦ بعد ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ زﻧﺎن و ﻣﺮدان ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽداری وﺟﻮد دارد و ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ، ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﻌﺪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﺮدان ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮ از زﻧﺎن ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ دﯾﮕﺮ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ( کلی ) و ﺑﻌﺪ ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ آن ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ زﻧﺎن و ﻣﺮدان دارد؛ در ﺣﺎﻟﯿﮑﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮی ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ زﻧﺎن ﻧﺪارد. اﯾﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ را ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ ﻣﺮدان داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻌﺪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎری ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮی ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ ﻣﺮدان ﻧﺪارد اﻣﺎ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ زﻧﺎن ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺬارد؛ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺧﻼﻗﯿﺖ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ زﻧﺎن و ﻣﺮدان دارد. ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮی: ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان اﻇﻬﺎر داﺷﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺳﺎزه ﻣﻬﻤﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎنﻫﺎی ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﭘﻮﯾﺎﯾﯽ آن را درک ﮐﻨﻨﺪ و ﺗﻤﺎم ﻣﻮاﻧﻌﯽ را ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮای ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻣﻀﺮ اﺳﺖ، از ﺑﯿﻦ ﺑﺒﺮﻧﺪ.

Investigating Gender Difference in Relation to Factors That Effect Efficiency with Emphasis on Social Capital.(Case Study: Social Security Organization of Shiraz City)

goal: Increasing efficiency is one of the important goals of manufacturers. Social capital is one of the factors affecting efficiency. But the results of some studies have shown that social capital can be different in men and women, so the aim of this research is to investigate gender differences in relation to factors affecting efficiency with emphasis on social capital in in the Social Security Organization of Shiraz City.Methods: the statistical society of this research includes official employees of Shiraz City’s Social Security organization and 200 people of employees (man and woman) has been sampled by random sampling method. Questionnaire was used to gather data. SPSS and AMOS software, Structural Equation Method, Levin Test and T test of two independent groups are used in order to analyze data and testing hypothesizes.Findings: The results showed there is not significant difference in men and women’s social capital and between men and women’s structural dimension and men and women’s communication dimension of research. But there is a meaning different between men and women’s cognitive dimension. Also findings show that social capital and its behavioral dimension have a positive effect on men and women’s efficiency. while, cognitive dimension has no effect on women’s efficiency, this dimension has had most effect on men’s efficiency.The structural dimension has no effect on men’s efficiency but has a positive effect on women’s efficiency as well, the results show that social capital has positive and meaning effect on men and women’s efficiency indirectly through organizational creativity