مقایسه دریافت گروههای غذایی و شاخص توده بدنی بین کودکان سالم و مبتلا به اختلالات طیف اوتیسم(asd )، مطالعه مورد-شاهدی

ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻏﺬا در ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن اوﺗﯿﺴﻢ دﭼﺎر اﺷﮑﺎل ﺑﻮده و ﮐﻤﺒﻮدﻫﺎی ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪای در آنﻫﺎ دﯾﺪه ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﻫﺪف از اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎی ﺗﻦ ﺳﻨﺠﯽ و درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن اوﺗﯿﺴﻤﯽ ﺑﺎ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﺑﻮد. روش ﮐﺎر: در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻮرد-ﺷﺎﻫﺪی ﺑﺴﺎﻣﺪ درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎی ﺗﻦ ﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﺑﺮای 90 ﮐﻮدک اوﺗﯿﺴﻢ و 93 ﮐﻮدک ﺳﺎﻟﻢ 5 ﺗﺎ 12 ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎی ﺑﺴﺎﻣﺪ ﺧﻮراک ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ و اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﺟﻤﻊ آوری ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﺑﺮرﺳﯽﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺗﻨﻬﺎ 23 درﺻﺪ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن اوﺗﯿﺴﻢ دارای ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻪ ﺗﻮده ﺑﺪن در ﻣﺤﺪوده ﻧﺮﻣﺎل ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ، درﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺮای ﮐﻮدک ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﺣﺪود 63 درﺻﺪ ﺑﻮد. ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن اوﺗﯿﺴﻤﯽ در ﺳﻬﮏ ﺑﺎﻻی ﻣﺼﺮف ﺑﺮای ﻏﻼت ﮐﺎﻣﻞ و ﺗﺼﻔﯿﻪ ﺷﺪه، روﻏﻦ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ و ﻣﺎﯾﻊ، ﻗﻨﺪ ﺳﺎده، ﻋﺴﻞ و ﻣﺮﺑﺎﻫﺎ، ﻧﻮﺷﺎﺑﻪﻫﺎ، اﺳﻨﮏﻫﺎ و دﺳﺮﻫﺎ و ﻧﻤﮏ و ﺻﺪک ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﻣﺼﺮف ﺑﺮای ﻣﯿﻮه و ﺳﺒﺰﯾﺠﺎت ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻮدک ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﻗﺮار داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮی: ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻪ ﺗﻮده ﺑﺪن در ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن اوﺗﯿﺴﻢ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ وزن در اﯾﻦ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ درﯾﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎی ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﮐﻮدک اوﺗﯿﺴﻢ ﺑﺎ ﮐﻮدک ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد.

Comparison Of Food Groups Intake And Body Mass Index Among Healthy Children With ASD, A Case- Control Study

Introduction: Food choices in autistic children are problematic and nutritional deficiencies is spotted in them. The purpose of this study is to compare anthropometric indices and dietary intake of autistic children with healthy children. Methods: In this casecontrol study, the frequency of food intake and anthropometric indices for 90 autistic children and 93 healthy children aged 5 to 12 years were collected by food frequency questionnaire and general information questionnaire. Results: Only 23% of children with autism had a normal body mass index, compared to 63% for healthy children. Autistic children were in higher tertile for whole and refined grains, solid and liquid oils, simple sugars, honey and jams, beverages, snacks and desserts and salt and lower percentile of consumption for fruits and vegetables compared to healthy children. Conclusions: Body mass index in children with autism due to weight gain in these children should be taken into consideration. The dietary intake of autistic child is different from that of a healthy child and the dietary intake of these children should be investigated.