مطالعه ی آزمایشگاهی و تئوری رفتار کمانشی پوسته‌های استوانه‌یی فولادی با ضخامت متغیر تحت بارگذاری مرکب فشار محوری و خارجی

به دلایل اقتصادی، پوسته‌های استوانه‌یی فولادی بزرگ ذخیره‌ی مایع با ضخامت متغیر در ارتفاع ساخته می‌شوند. پوسته‌های مذکور در طول عمر خود تحت انواع بارگذاری‌ها قرار می‌گیرند. در نوشتار حاضر، دو مطالعه‌ی آزمایشگاهی برای بررسی آثار شروع کمانش در مرحله‌ی اعمال بار فشاری محوری و همچنین در مرحله‌ی اعمال فشار خارجی در رفتار کمانشی پوسته‌های استوانه‌یی که تحت بارگذاری ترکیبی (بار فشارهای محوری و خارجی) قرار گرفته‌اند، انجام شده است. بر اساس نتایج حاصله زمانی که شروع کمانش در مرحله‌ی اعمال بار فشاری محوری رخ می‌دهد، ظرفیت کمانشی پوسته‌های استوانه‌یی کاهش می‌یابد. روابط تئوری برای پیش‌بینی بار کمانشی پوسته‌ی استوانه‌یی با ضخامت متغیر گام به گام تحت بارگذاری مرکب فشارهای محوری و خارجی و با درنظر گرفتن ناکاملی هندسی بررسی شده‌اند که یکی از روابط تئوری به کار رفته، همبستگی نزدیکی با نتایج آزمایشگاهی داشت.

Experimental and theoretical study of buckling behavior of steel cylindrical shells with variable wall thicknesses under combined loading of axial compression and external pressure

Thinwalled steel cylindrical shells are industrial structures that play an important role in the storage of petroleum and refineries, potable water supply, and fire extinguishing systems. Steel storage cylindrical shells are manufactured with variable thicknesses in height for economic reasons. Each steel cylindrical shell structure is made of several individual cylindrical parts of constant thickness. These shells with fixed roofs are subjected to axial pressure due to wind effect and snow accumulating on the roof. The cylindrical shells are also subjected to external pressure due to wind load and/or vacuum load when the containing liquid is discharged. The combination of axial compression and external pressure may lead to the failure of the shell structures. In this paper, two experimental studies were performed to investigate the effect of initial buckling during the axial compressive preloading or at the external pressure phase on the buckling behavior of cylindrical shells with stepwise wall thickness under combined loading of axial compressive preloading and external pressure. The results showed that the buckling capacity decreased under axial preloading and external pressure when the initial buckling occurred during the application of axial compressive preloading. Also, more deformations and buckling waves formed in the thinner individual section of cylindrical shell and also failure occurred faster and the structure became unstable faster, when initial buckling occurred during the axial compressive preloading. Theoretical relationships, in which geometric imperfection is considered, were employed to predict the buckling load of cylindrical shells with variable thicknesses subjected to combined loading of axial compression and external pressure. One of these two relationships shows a closer correlation with experimental results. Also, the results showed that the buckling behavior of cylindrical shells was very sensitive to the applied axial compressive preloading; therefore, as the axial compressive preloading increases, the quasiempirical theoretical relationships become more conservative.