ارزیابی عددی میزان تاثیرپذیری ایستگاه‌های متروی تهران تحت انفجار سطحی قوی

سازه‌های زیرزمینی از جمله ایستگاه‌های مترو حین حملات تروریستی، یک سازه‌ی امن و راهبردی هستند. در پژوهش حاضر سعی شده است میزان تاثیرپذیری ایستگاه‌های خط 7 متروی تهران تحت انفجار قوی سطحی به کمک نرم‌افزار اجزاء محدود l‌sd‌y‌n‌a مطالعه شود. با توجه به تغییرشکل‌های بزرگ، که در مدل به وجود می‌آید، از روش a‌l‌e (a‌r‌b‌i‌t‌r‌a‌r‌y l‌a‌g‌r‌a‌n‌g‌i‌a‌n e‌u‌l‌a‌r‌i‌a‌n) استفاده شده است. در ابتدا، یک مدل خاک بدون مقطع ایستگاه تحت انفجار سطحی مطالعه شده و مقادیر به دست آمده از نرم‌افزار با توصیه‌نامه‌ی 1−855−5t‌m جهت صحت‌سنجی مقایسه شده است. در ادامه، به مطالعه‌ی چاله‌ی ایجاد شده در اثر انفجارهای 3، 7 و 11 تن پرداخته شده و پاسخ ایستگاه‌های مترو تحت انفجار 11 تن t‌n‌t، که قدرت معادل قوی‌ترین موشک غیرهسته‌یی حاضر است، در عمق‌های مختلف بررسی شده است.نتایج مطالعات نشان می‌دهند ایستگاه‌هایی که در عمق بیشتری از 19 متر قرار گرفته‌اند، بدون آسیب و امن هستند.

Numerical Assessment of the Impact rates of Metro Stations under Strong Surface Explosion (case study of Tehran metro station)

The increasing number of worldwide terrorist attacks in recent years and danger of enemy air attacks highlights the significance of the secure design of urban structures and explosion mechanics as the passive defense. Iran is no exception from these external threats considering its position in the Middle East.Subway stations are considered as the safe and strategic structures during terrorist operations since they provide a safe route for the transfer of power and equipment. Tunnel structures can be exposed to internal or external explosions. The internal explosions are less likely to occur because it is hard to get an explosive material inside a tunnel due to modern security and control systems inside subway tunnels. However, external blasts are more likely to occur due to the difficulty of detecting and preventing their threat. The present study was carried out in the finite element software LSDYNA using the ALE (Arbitrary_Lagrangian _Eulerian) technique to simulate and monitor the propagation of the blast pressure waves into the soil. Furthermore, the performance of Tehran metro stations in response to a surface explosion of 11ton TNT, equivalent to the explosive power of the most potent nonnuclear missile, was evaluated. The results from validation model analysis indicated that the pressure waves propagated into the soil as the hemispherical waves as well as the peak pressure values closely matched the predicted values of the technical design manual TM58551. The results also showed that the depths of the crater created by the detonation of 3, 7, and, 11 tons of TNT were 6.5, 9, and 12 m, respectively, for the surface detonation of 11 tons of TNT charge. The affected region of the soil was about 18 m beneath the ground surface, and the duration was almost 0.4 seconds. In addition, although the safety of stations with depths of less than 19 m against the 11ton explosive charge was not guaranteed, that of the stations deeper than 19 m could be quite ensured.