سیر تاریخی معاصرنگاری در تذکره‌های فارسی و عوامل موثر در تحولات آن

ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﺟﺴﺘﺎر ﭘﯿﺶ روی ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮﻧﮕﺎری در ﺗﺬﮐﺮهﻫﺎی ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﺟﺮﯾﺎن ﺗﺎرﯾﺦادﺑﯿﺎﺗﯽ ذﯾﻞ و ﻓﺮﻋﯽ اﺳﺖ از ﺗﺬﮐﺮهﻧﻮﯾﺴﯽ ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ. ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮﻧﮕﺎری در ﻃﻮل ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ، دﭼﺎر ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ و ﺗﺤﻮﻻت دروﻧﯽ و ﺑﯿﺮوﻧﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺗﺬﮐﺮهﻫﺎی ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ-ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ . ﺳﻌﯽ ﺷﺪه روﻧﺪ ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮﻧﮕﺎری ﻣﻮرد ﻣﺪاﻗﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد. ﻧﺨﺴﺖ، ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮﻧﮕﺎری ﺑﻪ ﺳﻪ دوره‌؛ ﻓﻘﺪان (ﻗﺒﻞ از ﻗﺮن 9 ق.)، آﻏﺎز و ﻓﺮاز (896 ق ﺗﺎ ﻧﯿﻤﮥ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ 14 ق.) و ﻓﺮود (ﻧﯿﻤﮥ دوم 14 ق. ﺑﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ) ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺳﭙﺲ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ و ﺗﺤﻮﻻﺗﺶ در ﻫﺮ دوره ﺑﺎ ﺷﻮاﻫﺪ ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ . ﻧﺨﺴﺘﯿﻦ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﮥ اﯾﻦ ﺟﺴﺘﺎر اراﺋﮥ ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻔﯽ از ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮﻧﮕﺎری اﺳﺖ . ﺳﭙﺲ ﺻﻮرت ﺑﻨﺪیِ ﺗﺎزه ای از ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮﻧﮕﺎری در ﺗﺬﮐﺮهﻫﺎی ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮﻧﮕﺎری ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ، ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ و ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺳﻨﺠﯿﺪه و راﺑﻄﻪﺷﺎن ﺑﺎ ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

The Process of Writing Tadhkira in Persian Literature

Like any literary phenomenon, writing of Tadhkira has a starting point. It has experienced vissitudes over the persiods under the influence of various events. The tradition of Tadhkira writing began in a period (sixth century) and reached its climax from the ninth century to the early 14th century. With the advent of new approaches in literary history, it began to emerge and continue to exist in other forms. Of course, this tradition still exists. Literary historian must explain and relate these developments to a past literary concept with historical, political, and cultural conditions in different eras. The purpose of the present study is to investigate and explain the concept of contemporary Persian Tadhkira writing in different contexts.