جایگاه افتخارنامه در میان حماسه‌های دینی

«اﻓﺘﺨﺎرﻧﺎﻣﮥ ﺣﯿﺪری» در ﺷﺮح ﻧﺒﺮدﻫﺎی ﺣﻀﺮت ﻋﻠﯽ (ع) در دو ﺑﺨﺶ ﺳﺮوده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ : دوران ﺣﻀﺮت ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺒﺮ (ص) و ﺑﻌﺪ از اﯾﺸﺎن. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﻪ ﺣﺪود 17000 ﺑﯿﺖ دارد و ﺳﺎل ﺳﺮاﯾﺶ آن 1304 ق. اﺳﺖ . ﺳﺮاﯾﻨﺪه آن «ﻣﯿﺮزاﻣﺼﻄﻔﯽ ﺻﻬﺒﺎی آﺷﺘﯿﺎﻧﯽ» (اﻓﺘﺨﺎراﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎ) (1284-1327 ه.ق) اﺳﺖ . ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﻪ ﻫﻤﭽﻮن ﻏﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﻪ ﻫﺎی ﺣﻤﺎﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺄﺛّﺮ از ﺷﺎﻫﻨﺎﻣﻪ در ﺑﺤﺮ »ﻣﺘﻘﺎرب« و ﺑﺎ زﺑﺎﻧﯽ ﺣﻤﺎﺳﯽ ﺳﺮوده ﺷﺪه . ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ اﻧﺠﺎمﺷﺪهاﺳﺖ: آﯾﺎ اﻓﺘﺨﺎرﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮏ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﮥ ﺣﻤﺎﺳﯽ از ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر و اﻧﺴﺠﺎم ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار اﺳﺖ؟ و ﮐﻮﺷﯿﺪهاﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺷﯿﻮه‌ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ، ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺣﻤﺎﺳﯽِ زﺑﺎﻧﯽ و ﺑﻼﻏﯽ اﯾﻦ اﺛﺮ و ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه ادﺑﯽ آن ﺑﭙﺮدازد؟ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺣﻤﺎﺳﯽ در اﯾﻦ اﺛﺮ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ دﻟﯿﻞ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺣﻤﺎﺳﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ دو ﺻﻮرت «ادﺑﯽ» و «زﺑﺎﻧﯽ» ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. آن دﺳﺘﻪ از اﺟﺰای ﺑﯿﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺣﻤﺎﺳﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ وﺟﻮد ﻫﻤﻪ ﯾﺎ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ آنﻫﺎ ﻣﺘﻦ را ﺻﻮرت ﺣﻤﺎﺳﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺨﺸﺪ و ﺑﺪون آن ﻫﺎ ﻣﺘﻦ از ﺧﺼﻠﺖ ﺣﻤﺎﺳﯽ ﺑﻮدن ﺗﻬﯽ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎنداده ﮐﻪ اﻓﺘﺨﺎرﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﻮاﻧﺴﺘﻪاﺳﺖ در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ دﯾﮕﺮ ﺣﻤﺎﺳﻪ ﻫﺎی دﯾﻨﯽ، ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮﻟﯽ از ﻣﺸﺨّﺼﺎت ﯾﮏ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺣﻤﺎﺳﯽ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ دﺳﺖ ﯾﺎﺑﺪ؛ وﻟﯽ ﮐﻢ ﻣﺎﯾﮕﯽ ﺷﺎﻋﺮ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﺟﻮاﻧﯽ و ﻧﺎﭘﺨﺘﮕﯽ، ﺿﻌﻒﻫﺎﯾﯽ در اﯾﻦ اﺛﺮ ﭘﺪﯾﺪ آورده اﺳﺖ.

،The signs of inter nationalism in the view of Abooreyhne Birooni

Abooreyhane Birooni scholarly, mathematician, astrologer and aware to historic and social subjects, was borne in Biroon of kharazm in the mid of fourth century hejira. In spite of his engagement to politic jobs among ministration of kharazm shah and astrologer belong to sultan Mahmood, he hasn’t lost mentality of pry, brain and appealing himself as compared with truth and has appeared his congenital excogitate in create worthwhile compilations. The research of biography and moral exclusivities of prominent individuality gringo persons that have been lighten in the level of world; whilst is explanatory for cenogenesis, is very effective for most science discover and recognition of their value traces. Though in the extent of literary critic, some of the views emphasis on text, without author and his biography. Most important his quality are free thinker, without partiality and his inter nationalism views that have appeared in more his compilations particularly in the “Thahghighe Malelhend”. Doubtless, his system’s view had been touched of religious believes and Quran’s miracles too. Most basic question of author in this article is that, what signs are based his freethinker view and inter nationalism in the “Thahghighe Malelhenad”? This research is performed to style of analysis text’s containing.