Remodeling Factors, Transcription Factors and Angiogenetic Factors in Cholesteatoma in Ontogenetic Aspect

Introduction: the main goal of our study was to describe the transcription factor (nf-κβ), angiogenetic factor (vegf), and remodeling markers (mmp-9 and timp-4) of the cholesteatoma tissue compared to control skin tissue. there are still uncertainties how transcription, angiogenetic and remodeling factors affect the cholesteatoma course. materials and methods: eight cholesteatoma tissue specimens were retrieved from children, seven – from adults, seven skin controls – from cadavers. obtained material immunohistochemically were stained for nf-κβ, mmp-9, timp-4, vegf. non-parametric statistic methods were used. results: a statistically significant higher numbers of nf-κβ and timp-4 immunoreactive cells in the cholesteatoma compared to control group. a very strong positive correlation between mmp-9 and timp-4 was seen in the patient group. a strong positive correlation - between mmp-9 in matrix and mmp-9, vegf in perimatrix, between timp-4 in matrix and timp-4 in perimatrix, nf-κβ in the matrix and vegf; between timp-4 in perimatrix and nf-κβ in the matrix. conclusions: correlation between mmp-9 and timp-4 suggests that timp-4 in cholesteatoma tissue intercorrelates to mmp-9. timp-4 likely regulates the development of cholesteatoma. disbalance between mmps and timps affects nf-κβ and causes uncontrolled cell proliferation and immune response in this tumor. there is a lack of vegf strong expression in cholesteatoma perimatrix.