centrifuge and numerical modeling of tunnel responses induced by single bored piles under loading in clay

Load-bearing pile foundations induce soil stress changes and ground deformation, which affect the safety of nearby tunnels. centrifuge model tests and numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the effects of bored piles on existing tunnels in clay. the effects of pile length, pile–tunnel distance, and pile–tunnel depth on the tunnel moment and settlement were analyzed by comparing the results of both centrifuge model tests and numerical simulations. the results revealed that the tunnel longitudinal moment increased with the pile load but decreased with the net distance between the pile and tunnel. the circumferential moments near the pile bottom were larger than those near the other parts. the maximum tunnel moments were observed for the case with the pile and tunnel at the same depth. the tunnel moments for the case with the pile tip above the tunnel were greater than those in the case with the pile tip below the tunnel. the results obtained in this study provide valuable insight into the effect of loaded piles on nearby existing tunnels and the design of buildings near subways.