extending the performance-based design method for seismic response analysis of self-centering structures

A modified energy method is introduced to simplify self-centering structure analysis without using finite-element analysis. in the proposed method, the conventional energy method is modified such that the modification factor is only applied to the elements absorbing energy either by a non-linear behavior or a damper. the method was successfully implemented in two previously designed self-centering structures, analyzed, and tested. in the first structure, a bridge pier previously tested in a shaking table for different hazard levels was evaluated by the proposed method. the six common calculation relations of ductility reduction factors were evaluated for their accuracy. the newmark–hall method was more accurate than the other relationships by about 94% for ductility reduction factor estimation. in the second structure, the proposed method was utilized to compare the uplift of an sc-cbf system with the reported result of the shaking table test and numerical analysis under kobe and northridge earthquakes. the accuracy of the calculated coefficient in the kobe earthquake up to the mce hazard level and the northridge earthquake up to the dbe hazard level was more than 90%. therefore, the proposed method significantly reduced the self-centering structures' computation time and analysis and design efforts without compromising accuracy. © 2022, iran university of science and technology.