properties of plain concrete produced employing recycled aggregates and sea water

The generation of construction and demolition waste (c&dw) is a noteworthy environmental and economic concern. the development of new applications in which recycled mixed aggregates (rma) can be used will lead to a reduction of landfills growth. moreover, the use of seawater shall represent another advance in sustainability due to the consequent reduction of fresh water consumption, which can be a limited resource in certain areas. although seawater is not generally recommended for concrete production, especially in reinforced concretes, seawater could be a viable replacement for fresh water in the production of plain concretes. this study intends to analyse the possibility of using rma and seawater in the production of concrete to be used in port sites. this study is based on three different parameters: cement class, water source and rma content. the results highlighted the beneficial effects of using type iii cement, especially with regard to durability properties. the concretes produced employing rma and type iii cement achieved lower value of sorptivity coefficient and higher values of ultrasonic pulse velocity (upv), chloride ion penetration resistance and electrical resistivity than those produced with natural aggregates and type i cement. moreover, the use of seawater in concretes with type iii cement not only produced higher density and lower absorption capacity but also higher mechanical properties by creating a denser cement matrix, which proved to suffer low decrease by rma addition.