اثر دوزهای مختلف نانواکسید روی بر میزان استرس اکسیداتیو و تغییرات هیستولوژی کلیه در رت

هدف: نانواکسید دارای کاربردهای گسترده ای در صنایع، پزشکی و تغذیه است. این نانوذرات به‌راحتی جذب می‌شوند و می‌توانند بر بافت‌های مختلف تاثیر بگذارند. کلیه‌ها به‫دلیل جریان خون بالا ممکن است در برابر سموم آسیب‌پذیر باشند. هدف این مطالعه بررسی تاثیرات نانواکسید روی بر فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانتی و تغییرات بافت‌شناسی کلیه در رت‌ها است. مواد و روش‌ها: 42 رت نر نژاد ویستار به‌طور تصادفی به شش گروه (هر گروه 7) تقسیم شدند: گروه 1 (نرمال)، گروه 2 (5 mg/kg نانواکسید روی)، گروه 3 (10 mg/kg نانواکسید روی)، گروه 4 (25 mg/kg نانواکسید روی)، گروه 5 (50 mg/kg نانواکسید روی) و گروه 6 (100 mg/kg نانواکسید روی). ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانتی تام (tac)، ظرفیت اکسیدانتی تام (tos)، گلوتاتیون، مالون دی‌آلدئید (mda)، آنزیم‌های کبدی و هیستوپاتولوژی کلیه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج: دوزهای بالاتر از 10 mg/kg نانواکسید روی به‌طور معنی‌داری tac و گلوتاتیون را کاهش داد و آسیب بافتی و غلظت mda و tos را به‌طور قابل توجهی افزایش داد. دوز 5 mg/kg نانواکسید روی تاثیر منفی بر تغییرات بافتی و ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی نداشت. نتیجه‌گیری: مصرف نانواکسید روی، به‌ویژه در دوزهای بالا، موجب افزایش استرس اکسیداتیو و تغییرات بافتی می‌شود، در حالی‫که در غلظت‌های کم ممکن است اثرات مفیدی داشته باشد.

the effects of different doses of nano zinc oxide on the level of oxidative stress and histopathological changes in the kidneys of rats

aim: zinc nanoparticles have gained significant attention due to their wide-ranging applications in various fields, including industries, medicine, and nutrition. these nanoparticles are characterized by their small size, which allows for easy absorption into biological systems, enabling them to interact with different tissues effectively. one of the critical areas of concern regarding the use of zinc nanoparticles is their potential impact on kidney health. the kidneys are vital organs responsible for filtering blood, excreting waste, and regulating essential bodily functions. due to their high blood flow and the capacity to excrete various compounds, kidneys may be particularly vulnerable to the effects of toxins, including nanoparticles. therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of nano zinc oxide on antioxidant activity and histological changes in the kidneys of rats. understanding these effects is crucial for assessing the safety and potential therapeutic applications of zinc nanoparticles in medical and nutritional contexts.material and methods: in this research, male wistar rats were utilized as the experimental model. the rats were randomly divided into six groups, with seven rats in each group to ensure statistical validity. group 1 served as the normal control group, while the remaining groups received varying doses of nano zinc oxide. specifically, group 2 received 5 mg/kg of nano zinc, group 3 received 10 mg/kg, group 4 received 25 mg/kg, group 5 received 50 mg/kg, and group 6 received 100 mg/kg of nano zinc. the administration of these doses continued for one month to observe both short-term and potential cumulative effects. after this period, the rats were sacrificed, and their kidneys were isolated for further analysis. various biochemical assays were conducted to assess total antioxidant capacity (tac), total oxidant capacity (tos), glutathione levels, and malondialdehyde (mda) concentration. additionally, liver enzymes were measured, and kidney histopathology was examined to evaluate any structural changes resulting from nano zinc exposure.results: the findings revealed significant alterations in antioxidant activity among the groups that received nano zinc. specifically, total antioxidant capacity (tac) and glutathione levels decreased markedly in the rats that received higher doses of nano zinc, particularly at 10, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg. in contrast, there was a sharp increase in malondialdehyde (mda) concentrations and total oxidant capacity (tos) in these groups, indicating heightened oxidative stress. interestingly, the group that received the lowest dose of 5 mg/kg of nano zinc exhibited no harmful effects on tissue changes or antioxidant capacity, suggesting a threshold below which nano zinc may not pose significant risks. conversely, in the groups receiving higher doses, observable tissue damage was noted, and these changes appeared to be dose-dependent, emphasizing the importance of dosage in determining the safety and efficacy of nano zinc.conclusion:the results of this study underscore the potential harmful effects of nano zinc, particularly at elevated doses, on kidney function and histopathology. the observed increase in oxidative stress markers and accompanying tissue changes highlight the need for caution in the use of zinc nanoparticles, especially in medical and nutritional applications. while nano zinc in low concentrations may offer beneficial effects, such as potential therapeutic properties, the risks associated with higher doses cannot be overlooked. further research is warranted to explore the mechanisms underlying these effects and to establish safe dosage guidelines for the use of zinc nanoparticles in various applications. overall, this study contributes valuable insights into the safety profile of nano zinc, particularly concerning kidney health, and emphasizes the need for careful consideration of dosage in therapeutic contexts.