characterization of serum concentration of cd8, cd4, interfron-γ, and interleukin-4 in 4t1 tumor inoculated mouse model

Background: malignancies in domesticated animals, including cats and dogs, present significant health challenges. the 4t1 tumor-inoculated mouse model is pivotal for studying tumor biology and therapeutic strategies.objectives: this study aimed to characterize immune system alterations in the 4t1 tumor-inoculated mouse model by assessing serum concentrations of cd4 and cd8 antigens, along with cytokines interferon (ifn)-γ and interleukin (il)-4.methods: balb/c female mice were subcutaneously inoculated with 4t1 cells. serum levels of cd4, cd8, ifn-γ, and il-4 were quantified using elisa, and histopathological analysis was performed to confirm tumorgenesis.results: tumor-bearing mice exhibited significantly elevated cd8 levels (mean: 7.2613 ng/ml) compared to healthy controls (mean: 1.9749 ng/ml), whereas cd4 levels were lower in tumor-bearing mice (mean: 2.7632 ng/ml) compared to controls (mean: 4.8677 ng/ml). ifn-γ levels were reduced (mean: 10.95238 vs 22.85714 pg/ml), while il-4 levels were increased (mean: 27.76942 vs 10.85452 pg/ml).conclusion: the 4t1 tumor model induces significant immune alterations, highlighting its utility for studying tumor immune evasion mechanisms and advancing immunotherapy strategies.