مقایسه اثر محلول‌پاشی نیترات کلسیم و آمینو‌کلات کلسیم (لایزین) بر وضعیت تغذیه‌ای و صفات رویشی و زایشی و عمر گلجایی رز رقم جومیلیا

کلسیم برای بهبود رشد و کیفیت گل‌های شاخه ‌بریده مهم است و انتخاب منبع مناسب کلسیم می‌تواند به تولیدکنندگان گل رز کمک شایانی کند. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی آثار محلول‌پاشی نیترات کلسیم، آمینو کلات کلسیم و شاهد (آب مقطر) بر رشد، صفات مورفولوژیک، غلظت عناصر غذایی و عمر گلجایی رز رقم جومیلیا انجام شد. این پژوهش در گلخانه تحقیقاتی گیاهان زینتی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار و هر تکرار شامل شش بوته و به مدت شش ماه از اول مردادماه 1401 تا اول بهمن‌ماه 1401 اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد محلول‌پاشی نیترات کلسیم نقش موثری در بهبود صفات رشدی گل رز دارد به‌طوری‌که طول ساقه، قطر ساقه، وزن تازه ساقه، قطر گل و تعداد گل را به‌ترتیب 38/26، 29/87، 37/47، 19/38 و 12/20 درصد نسبت به شاهد افزایش داد. همچنین کاربرد نیترات کلسیم با افزایش به‌ترتیب 20/96، 65/77 و 37/53 درصدی کلروفیل a، b و کل سبب افزایش 23/32 درصدی نرخ فتوسنتز شد. بیش‌ترین میزان کارتنوئید و حجم ریشه در تیمار محلول‌پاشی آمینو کلات کلسیم به‌دست آمد. نتایج بیانگر اثربخشی نیترات کلسیم در تامین کلسیم گلبرگ و در نتیجه افزایش 13/62 درصدی شاخص پایداری غشا و افزایش 4/1 روز عمر گلجایی نسبت به شاهد بود. آمینو کلات کلسیم نقش مهمی در به تعویق انداختن کاهش وزن و تامین کلسیم و نیتروژن ریشه، فسفر و پتاسیم برگ داشت. درحالی‌که بیش‌ترین غلظت نیتروژن برگ، و فسفر و پتاسیم ریشه در اثر محلول‌پاشی نیترات کلسیم به‌دست آمد. با توجه به نتایج به‌دست آمده، محلول‌پاشی هر هفته کلسیم با غلظت 160 میلی‌گرم در لیتر به‌ویژه از منبع نیترات کلسیم برای تامین کلسیم مورد نیاز گل رز و بهبود ویژگی‌های رشدی و عمر گلجایی توصیه می‌شود.

comparing the effect of calcium nitrate and calcium amino chelate (lysine) foliar application on nutritional status, vegetative and reproductive characteristics, and postharvest longevity of 'jumilia' rose cultivar

abstractcalcium plays a crucial role in improving the growth and quality of cut flowers, and selecting the appropriate calcium source can significantly benefit rose producers. this study aimed to evaluate the effects of foliar application of calcium nitrate, calcium amino chelate, and control (distilled water) on the growth, morphological traits, nutrient concentrations, and vase life of the rose cultivar ’jumilia.’ the research was conducted in the ornamental research greenhouse at ferdowsi university of mashhad in a completely randomized design with four replications, each containing six plants, over a period of six months from early august 2022 to early february 2023. the results showed that foliar application of calcium nitrate significantly improved the growth traits of roses, increasing stem length, stem diameter, fresh stem weight, flower diameter, and flower count by 38.26, 29.87, 37.47, 19.38, and 12.20%, respectively. additionally, calcium nitrate application increased chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll content by 20.96, 65.77, and 37.53%, respectively, resulting in a 23.32% increase in photosynthesis rate. the highest carotenoid content and root volume were obtained due to the application of amino calcium chelate. the findings also indicated that calcium nitrate was effective in supplying calcium to the petals, leading to a 13.62% increase in membrane stability index and a 4.1-day extension in vase life compared to the control treatment. amino calcium chelate played a key role in delaying weight loss and providing calcium and nitrogen to the roots, as well as phosphorus and potassium to the leaves. meanwhile, the highest nitrogen concentration in leaves, as well as phosphorus and potassium concentrations in roots, were achieved with calcium nitrate application. based on the results, weekly foliar application of calcium at a concentration of 160 mg/l, especially from calcium nitrate, is recommended to supply the calcium requirements of roses and improve their growth traits and vase life.background and objective: the rose is one of the most popular cut flowers (mileva et al., 2021). calcium plays a significant role in enhancing its performance and quality (haghighi et al., 2023; abdolmaleki et al., 2015). despite the evaluation of several calcium sources for improving the quality of ornamental plants, there has been limited research on the best calcium source for roses. this study aims to compare the effects of foliar application of calcium nitrate and amino chelated calcium on calcium supply and the improvementof quantitative and qualitative traits of roses.methods: this research was conducted in the ornamental research greenhouse of ferdowsi university of mashhad on the jumilia rose cultivar, using a completely randomized design with four replications and six observations. the treatments included foliar application of distilled water (control), calcium nitrate, and amino chelated calcium synthesized with lysine amino acid. traits evaluated included stem length, stem diameter, stem fresh weight, flower diameter, number of flowers, root volume, chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, membrane stability index, weight loss percentage, vase life, and concentrations of calcium, nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus in the roots and leaves, as well as calcium concentration in the petals.results: the results indicate that calcium nitrate led to increases in stem length (38.26%), stem diameter (29.87%), stem fresh weight (37.47%), flower diameter (19.38%), and number of flowers (12.20%). additionally, calcium nitrate increased chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll by 20.96, 65.77, and 37.53%, respectively, resulting in a 23.32% increase in the photosynthesis rate. the highest levels of carotenoids and root volume were achieved with amino chelated calcium. calcium nitrate was highly effective in supplying calcium to the petals, increasing the membrane stability index (13.62%), and extending vase life (by 4.1 days). amino chelated calcium also delayed weight loss and was effective in supplying calcium and nitrogen to the roots and phosphorus and potassium to the leaves, while the highest concentrations of leaf nitrogen, root phosphorus, and root potassium were achieved with calcium nitrate.conclusions: foliar application of calcium, particularly from the source of calcium nitrate, is recommended to meet the calcium needs of roses and to improve growth characteristics and vase life.references:1. abdolmaleki, m., khosh, k.m., eshghi, s., ramezanian, a., 2015. improvement in vase life of cut rose cv.“dolce vita” by preharvest foliar application of calcium chloride and salicylic acid. int. j. hortic. sci. technol. 2 (1), 55–66.2. haghighi, m., khosravi, s., sehar, s., shamsi, i.h., 2023. foliar-sprayed calcium-tryptophan mediated improvement in physio-biochemical attributes and nutritional profile of salt stressed brassica oleracea var. italica. sci. hortic. 307, 111529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2022.111529.3. mileva, m., ilieva, y., jovtchev, g., gateva, s., zaharieva, m.m., georgieva, a., vilhelmova-ilieva, n., 2021. rose flowers—a delicate perfume or a natural healer? biomolecules, 11(1), 127. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11010127.