ارزیابی کیفیت زندگی در روستاهای جابه‎جا شده استان ایلام (مطالعه موردی: روستاهای اسلامیه، اندیشه، فرخ‌آباد، لرینی ‌علیا و سفلی)

از زمان استقرار سکونتگاه‌های روستایی در سطح دنیا، همواره بخشی از آن ها به دلایل مختلف از جمله بلایای طبیعی، حفاظت از منابع و عرصه‌های طبیعی، جنگ، پروژه‌های توسعه شامل دسترسی به ‌منابع، خدمات و امکانات مناسب و سایر عوامل از مکان اولیه خود به مکان‌های دیگر جابه جا شده‌اند. در این زمینه کیفیت زندگی روستاییان در روستاهای جدید از دغدغه‌های اصلی متولیان و صاحب‌نظران توسعه روستایی است. لذا پژوهش حاضر با استفاده از روش توصیفی تحلیلی و با هدف ارزیابی کیفیت زندگی روستاییان در روستاهای جابجاشده اسلامیه، اندیشه، فرخ‌آباد، لرینی علیا و سفلی در استان ایلام تدوین شده است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش شامل سرپرستان خانوارهای ساکن در روستاهای مورد مطالعه می‌باشند که با توجه به محدود بودن آن‌ها، همه کسانی که حاضر به همکاری بوده‌اند، به‌عنوان حجم نمونه مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته‌اند (n=320). در این پژوهش برای جمع‌آوری اطلاعات میدانی مورد نیاز، از پرسشنامه محقق ساخته‌ای استفاده شده است که روایی آن براساس نظر گروهی از متخصصان و اساتید دانشگاه و پایایی آن با استفاده از روش آلفای کرونباخ به‌میزان (0.775) تایید شده است. داده‌ها با آزمون‌هایt تک‌نمونه‌ای و تحلیل واریانس با استفاده از نرم‌افزار spss مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفتند. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد براساس دیدگاه روستاییان ساکن در روستاهای مورد مطالعه، از 8 مولفه مورد بررسی، روستاها از نظر 4 مولفه در وضعیت مناسب و از نظر 4 مولفه دیگر در وضعیت نامناسب از نظر کیفیت زندگی قرار گرفته‌اند. همچنین روستاهای مورد مطالعه با درنظر گرفتن ابعاد کیفیت زندگی با استفاده از آزمون تحلیل واریانس و آزمون توکی در 3 طبقه قرار گرفته‌اند. در پایان نیز پیشنهادهایی در دو بعد قابل اجرا در طرح‌های مشابه در آینده و بهبود وضعیت روستاهای مورد مطالعه ارائه گردیده است.

Assessing Life Quality in Relocation Villages of Ilam Province (Case Study: Eslamiyeh, Andishe, Farrokh Abad, LareiniOlya, and LareiniSofla)

Since the establishment of rural settlements in the world, a few of these settlements have been displaced due to different causes such as natural disasters, protection of natural resources and areas, wars, development projects including access to resources, services and facilities, and other factors. The villages subjects to such displacements are ought to ensure the quality of living in the new settlement. But investigations reveals that in spite of positive aspects of these displacements in improving villagers rsquo; conditions and quality of life including improvement in environmental conditions, better access to infrastructural and welfare services, etc., some part of displaced villagers are not satisfied with the way of their displacement and residents. Moreover, villagers rsquo; life quality in new villagers is one of the main concerns for authorities and planners of rural development. In Ilam Province, due to different reasons, some villagers have been displaced or are to be displaced as well. Villages of Eslamiyeh, LariniOlya and LariniSofla in Sirvan Township have been displaced due to physical limitations and the impossibility of development and execution of constructive projects in them, Sartang Village in Ivan Township due to being in the basin of Kangir Dam and Farrokh Abad in Dehloran because of high level of underground water have been displaced. Therefore, the present study aims to assess villagers rsquo; life quality in displaced villages in Ilam Province using a descriptiveanalytical method. The population of the study included heads of households residing in the studied villages as N=320 who were considered as participants using the allnumeration method. In the present study, to collect data, documentary methods such as reviewing books, statistics books, and field method such as interviews, observation, and questionnaires were used. To collect the ideas of the population, a researchermade questionnaire was used. Its validity was confirmed by a group of experts and its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach #39;s alpha as 0.775. The data were analyzed using one sample ttest and ANOVA in SPSS software. Findings of the research indicated that according to villagers rsquo; opinion, from 8 components of the study, villages were higher than the moderate level in 4 components including culturaleducational, security, settlement and subtractions components and lower than the moderate level in the other 4 components in terms of life quality including leisure time, hygienic and treatment, environment, engagement and income components . In other words, the studied villages have been able to satisfy villagers in terms of culturaleducational dimensions, housing, and infrastructures, but in terms of leisure time, healthcare, environmental quality, employment, and income, villagers rsquo; satisfaction has not been realized. In addition, the studied villages were divided at three layers using ANOVA and Tukey test by considering dimensions of life quality. This issue indicates the existence of a significant difference among the studied villages in terms of life quality. Regarding the results obtained from the research, the most important problem of villages, except for Farrokh Abad Village, is the economic dimension. Investigations indicate that except for Farrokh Abad Village, the economic dimension of displacement in the project of studying villages has not received proper attentions .At the end, some suggestions have been presented for improvement in the situations of the studied villages and improvement of similar projects in the future.