تاثیر دیوار حیاط بر امنیت خانه‌های روستایی (نمونه موردی: روستای ایمر محمد، استان گلستان)

این مطالعه با بررسی تاثیر دیوار حیاط در امنیت ساکنین واحدهای مسکونی ترکمن های قوم یموت در روستاهای شهرستان گنبد کاووس، به ارزیابی آسیب پذیری هر دو نوع، خانه هایی با دیوارهای شفاف و خانه هایی با دیوارهای صلب، نسبت به سرقت و تاثیر هر یک در میزان احساس امنیت و ترس از جرم در ساکنین آن ها می پردازد. بر این اساس بررسی های مقدماتی و مطالعات نظری به ساختن فرضیه هایی با مضامین امنیت بیشتر خانه هایی با دیوار های شفاف در حیاط نسبت به خانه هایی با دیوارهای صلب در حیاط و نیزافزایش ترس از جرم در ساکنان، متناسب با افزایش میزان صلبیت دیوار حیاط خانه ها انجامید. در بخش گرد آوری داده ها توامان از روش مشاهده و توزیع پرسشنامه استفاده گردید و پس از تکمیل و جمع آوری، مورد ارزیابی و استدلال منطقی و تحلیل های آماری قرار گرفت. تحلیل ها نشان دادند که نوع دیوار بر امنیت ساکنین واحدها و محلات مسکونی ترکمن های قوم یموت در روستاهای شهرستان گنبد کاووس تاثیر مثبت و معناداری دارد. به عبارتی دیگر با افزایش میزان گشودگی بصری دیوار حیاط خانه ها، امنیت خانه و احساس امنیت ساکنین آن افزایش می یابد. در گذشته، خانه های روستایی بدون حیاط امنیت بیشتری را برای ساکنین فراهم کرده و میزان وقوع جرم و جنایت در روستاها را به شدت کاهش می دادند. امروزه افزودن دیوارهای حیاط به خانه های روستایی به تقلید از شهرها صورت گرفته و روستاها دچار نا امنی شده اند. در این میان نوع دیوار احداث شده بر حسب میزان شفافیت نیز بر میزان امنیت خانه ها و ساکنین آن ها تاثیر گذار می باشد.

The Effect of Courtyard Wall on Security of Rural Houses (Case Study: Eimer-Mohammad, a Village of Golestan)

The role of design in ensuring safety and security in the residential environment is more than ever before. This means that the necessary tools should be provided to create some selfsurveillance capabilities in the environment. The physical environment should be designed in such a way that opportunities for residents have improved monitoring and in turn, reduce the opportunities for criminal acts. But sometimes due to inappropriate use of architectural elements and ignorance designers from the effects of these elements on the environment, such features taken from the environment or are weakened.This study examines the impact of security on the courtyard walls of the inhabitants of the villages of Turkmen folk in Gonbade Kavus. Based on preliminary studies and theoretical frameworks to make the content more secure homes with transparent walls around the courtyard with solid walls courtyards, led increase residents' fear of crime in proportion to the increase of wall rigidity. The following hypotheses were considered for this study: It seems that the visual openness wall has an impact on the security perceived by residents. It also increases the rigidity of the wall of the yard. A sense of isolation and vulnerability of the residents and houses increase fear of crime inside them. In this study, one of the villages in the Turkmen city of Gonbade Kavus has been chosen as the study sample. The research methodology is Noninterference observation and a questionnaire package. Since the independent variable is continuous and quantitative, we could record it at the location. Some of the physical characteristics of the study area are needed to conduct a research on. Observation and records of the condition of the walls of the courtyard are done. On the other hand, the security (both physical and mental) and on related issues such as crime rate, residents' sense of security, spatial and temporal characteristics of the crime and so on, are not measurable through observation, hence closed questionnaire has been prepared for this purpose. The research method is descriptive analysis, correlating and considering the objectives applicableThe vulnerability of both types of houses with transparent walls and homes with rigid walls and the impact of each on the rate of sense of security and the fear of crime in their residents were evaluated. Both the data gathered from observation and questionnaires were distributed and collected after completion, logical reasoning and statistical analysis were evaluated. The analysis showed that the existence of a type of the security wall for units and residential of neighborhoods in the villages of Turkmen in Gonbade Kavus has a significant positive impact. In other words, with increasing visual openness of courtyard wall of rural house, security and safety of house resident rsquo;s increases. In the past, rural house without the yard has provided more security for residents and the rate of occurrence of crime in the countryside to reduce the intensity. Today, adding the walls of the courtyard to rural houses as an imitation of cities and villages have been experiencing insecurity. The type of constructed wall based on the amount of transparency effect on affect the rate of home security not to mention their resident security.The results showed that not always building tall rigid walls around the rural houses in a naturally virgin environment comes with security. Otherwise, in places where selfsurveillance is less natural and more difficult, their high walls attractive to thieves and thus constituting a threat to the security of the houses and its residents. Also, most importantly than security is a sense of security that people feel relaxed and free from all fear and anxiety caused by the state.