comparison and verification of the results of the gtn damage model and the porous metal plasticity model in the square deep drawing process

One of the main goals in the deep drawing process is to achieve a greater drawing depth without causing damage to the sheet; therefore, the drawing ratio is critical in this process. maximizing the drawing depth has always been the goal of many studies. in this paper, the square deep drawing process is modeled in abaqus/standard finite element software, and then the process is analyzed using the gtn damage model that is implemented by writing a umat subroutine. the process is also analyzed based on the porous metal plasticity model available in abaqus. the results obtained from these two analyses are compared, providing a comprehensive understanding of the different approaches in deep drawing process analysis. by examining the results, it was found that the results obtained using the gtn damage model are more consistent with the results obtained using the experimental method than the porous metal plasticity model.