molecularly imprinted polymers with 3-hydroxybutyrate acid as a template for diabetic ketoacidosis: synthesis, characterization, and molecular adsorption investigations

Diabetic ketoacidosis (dka) is a serious complication of diabetes, more common in type 1 diabetes, but it can also occur in type 2 diabetes. it involves high blood glucose, dehydration, and acidic ketone build-up, with 3-hydroxybutyrate acid (3-hb) being a primary ketone indicating insulin deficiency. monitoring 3-hb is vital for diagnosing and managing dka. this study aimed to synthesize molecularly imprinted polymers (mips) using 3-hydroxybutyrate acid as a template, creating a selective sorbent that could serve as a cost-effective and efficient alternative to conventional diagnostic tools for diabetic ketoacidosis (dka). the mips were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (sem) and fourier transform infrared (ft-ir) spectroscopy to confirm their morphology, chemical structure, and presence of imprinted sites specific to 3-hydroxy butyrate (3hb). batch rebinding and isotherm adsorption profiles of mip and nip were evaluated using the batch method in ethanol at a concentration of 20-60 ppm. the ft-ir spectra of nip01, mip01, and mip03 were analyzed to compare their spectral absorbance profiles and the types of vibration observed in their different compositions. the results demonstrated a significant difference in the batch rebinding and adsorption profiles between non-imprinted polymers (nips) and mip under the 3hb condition, with mip04 showing consistently higher performance, achieving up to 93.12% at 20 ppm, and maintaining strong adsorption at higher concentrations, with 91.48% at 50 ppm and 90.81% at 60 ppm. these findings confirmed the superior performance of mips, particularly mip04, in selectively capturing 3hb molecules, highlighting the significant advantage of molecular imprinting in enhancing the polymer’s adsorption efficiency and selectivity.