extraction of borneol and bornyl acetete from ferulago macrocarpa (fenzl) boiss. using hydrodistillation-headspace solvent microextraction and chemometrics approach

In this study, the ability of concurrent headspace solvent micro-extraction coupled with continuous hydro-distillation (hd-hsme) as an extraction and pre-concentration technique is presented for the analysis of ferulago macrocarpa essential oil before gc analysis. a chemometric approach has allowed to enhancement of the extraction efficiency of two major terpenoids of ferulago macrocarpa essential oil, namely borneol and bornyl acetate, with a limited number of experiments according to the box-behenken design in a random order. the considered variables in this technique were sample mass, micro-drop volume of n-hexadecane, and extraction time. the results showed that the chromatographic peak areas of two major terpenoids of ferulago macrocarpa, namely borneol and bornyl acetate, regularly change as a function of three variables (r2 ≥ 0.99). furthermore, the box-behenken design successfully permitted the study of the main and interactive effects of variables, which described this dependence using the mlr model.  finally, the optimum conditions for micro-extraction of borneol and bornyl acetate from ferulago macrocarpa essential oil included 3 and 4.2 g of dried-powdered leaves, 5 and 3 µl of micro-drop volume, and the extraction time of 7 minutes, respectively.