experimental studies on the use of nanofluid and glass cover cooling on the performance of hemispherical solar still: energy and exergy approach

The impact of using tio2 nano-coated basin and glass cover cooling at different concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3% on traditional hemispherical solar still (thss) was researched at el oued city, algeria. from the research output, it is found that by adding nano-coated basin at concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3% in the hss, the output distilled water of 4.07, 4.54, and 4.96 kg was obtained. the use of nano-coated basin at concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3% with glass cooling in the hss produced the output distilled water of 4.9, 5.47, and 6.12 kg, respectively. furthermore, energy and exergy efficiencies are calculated. the diurnal energy efficiency obtained for the hss with a nano-coated basin at concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3% is found as 33.24, 37.61, and 41%, while the daily exergy efficiency is 2.52, 3.03, and 3.47%, respectively. similarly, the daily energy efficiency obtained for the hss with a nano-coated basin at concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3% with glass cooling are found to be 40.34, 46 and 51%, while the daily exergy efficiency is 3.32, 4.07, and 4.71%, respectively.