preparation and diagnosis of activated carbon from hydrothermally carbonized sucrose as an adsorption for the removal methyl red dye from aqueous synthetic solutions

In this work, activated carbon-derived hydrothermally carbonized sucrose material was synthesized, chemically activated with koh, and then utilized as an adsorbent material for removal of methyl red (mr) dye from wastewater. the physiochemical characteristics of the activated carbon (ac) were analyzed employing scanning electron microscopy (sem) coupled with energy dispersive x-ray (edx) spectroscopy, and n2physisorption measurements to characterize and assess the physical features, morphology, elemental analysis, and specific surface area. the obtained ac showed a high specific surface area (2306.31 m2/g). the capability of activated carbon to remove mr dye from aqueous solutions has also been investigated.  the impact of initial concentration, adsorbent dose, temperature, and contact time on the adsorption capacity was examined to determine the adsorption isotherm. maximum adsorption capacity (52.29mg/g for 90 mg/l) and fast adsorption kinetic (98 percent saturated within 5 min) were obtained. the numerical data fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (r2=0.98). the freundlich and langmuir adsorption isotherm models were also examined. the adsorption thermodynamics demonstrated that mr adsorption by ac was a spontaneous and endothermic process.