effect of ultrasound on solubility and kinetics of phosphate ore in dilute hydrochloric acid solutions

This study was carried out to reduce carbonate content in the phosphate ore and to increase the ca+2 percent in the solution leaching the phosphate rock with dilute hydrochloric acid solutions. the experiments were performed in the absence and presence of ultrasound. the particle size, reaction temperature, hcl concentration, and amplitude of ultrasound power were chosen as parameters. it was found that the reaction was chemically controlled first order and the activation energy was equal to 20.06  kj/mol in both cases. according to the experimental results, when the value of ultrasound power stayed stable, the ultrasound enhancement factor ew became independent of the temperature and the value of ew did not change, although the temperature increased.