3d flow and heat transfer from an immersed vertical cylinder with the slow rotation in a viscous fluid

The current study mainly aims to determine the flow and heat transfer from a circular vertical cylinder’s slow rotation concerning different viscous fluids bounded by a concentric vertical cylinder. the governing equations are simplified to investigate the possibility of a precise solution. two sets of partial differential equations with nonlinear coefficients are finally obtained, which are solved using a numerical method to reach a quick result. the impacts of aspect ratio, prandtl number (pr), and richardson number (ri) are examined on the performance of fluid flow and heat transfer. the bounding cylinder’s diameter and height vary from double to quadruple of the rotating cylinder, while the pr ranges from 55 to 5050. the ri also varies from 0.01 to 10. the influence of flow decreases near the boundaries as the outer diameter of the boundary increases; the average nusselt number (nu) decreases similarly. a change in the ri from 0.01 to 1 led to the dominance of the forced convection. at mixed convection equal to one and above, natural convection dominates. small ri creates vortices in the domain, which disappear by enhancing ri. the average nu decreases by changing the pr number from 55 to 5050. results are presented as the streamline, isotherms contours, and local as well as average nu. the details of numerical investigations are compared with the literature which shows a reliable agreement.