microwave-assisted appraisal of neem bark based tannin natural dye and its application onto bio-mordanted cotton fabric

The current study is aimed to utilize the microwave for isolation of colorant from neem bark and its application onto chemical & bio-mordanted cotton fabric. for the purpose aqueous, acid and organic media have been employed to isolate the colorant and to make its application onto surface modified and bio-mordanted cotton fabric followed by microwave treatment up to 6 min. it is found that using optimum extraction and dyeing conditions, acceptable fastness properties have been rated when 9% of al & 7% of fe & tannic acid as pre chemical, 7% of acacia & pomegranate, 9% of henna & 5% of turmeric extract as pre bio-mordants were employed. similarly, 5% of al & fe, 9% of t.a as post-chemical, 7% of pomegranate & 9% of turmeric, acacia & henna extracts as post bio-mordants has given acceptable fastness ratings. it is recommended that isolation of colorant & dyeing under mw treatment has not only improved the natural dyeing process but also the addition of herbal-based bio-mordants have made the dyeing process more sustainable & ayurvedic. so it is concluded that microwave treatment has not only explored the coloring potential of neem bark but also made possible use of bio-mordants for making process greener with excellent color characteristics under reduced optimal conditions.