fast pyrolysis of napier grass catalyzed by encapsulated cu([h4]salen)

Napier grass can serve as a feedstock for bio-oil production, and the aim of this work comparatively evaluated the effect of catalysis by cu([h4]salen) on pyrolysis of napier grass relevant to bio-oil generation. the bio-oil, char, and gas produced during the pyrolysis of napier grass were identified and quantified. the chemical composition of bio-oil was correlated with the catalysis. bio-oil quality was analyzed by characterization, with a high content of phenolics, low content of oxygen and a high heating value on the catalytic effect. the results obtained in this work suggested that a significant improvement has been proven with respect to bio-oil quality compared to what has been reported in the literature.