Analysis of the Hardening and Resilience Ability in Location- Allocation Problems

Although disruptions in supply chains occur at a low probability, they may cause huge financial effects whose recovery will not be quickly achieved. designing a resilient supply network may be an effective way to hedge against these disruption effects. this feature represents the ability of the network to maintain its operation and connection despite the absence of some chain members. facility hardening is one of the strategies used for designing a resilient network. in this paper, three different non-linear resilient capacitated fixed-charge location-allocation models are developed for hedging the network against failure by assuming that when a random disruption occurs at a facility, the facility fails to deliver any product. in the first model, both facility hardening and equipping the network with backup facilities for disrupted elements are considered together to prevent the supply network from failure due to random disruption. the recovery time of the facility after a disruption event is one of the significant features that has been considered in the second and third proposed models, capable of being implemented in real-world applications. the sensitivity analysis confirms that the proposed models are valid as expected. in addition, in a low failure probability condition, the superiority of the proposed models is confirmed by comparing it to the classical model using a low additional investment. a lagrangian decomposition algorithm is developed to solve large-scale instances. computational results confirm the high efficiency of the proposed solution approach, compared to those obtained from the classical solution approaches, in dealing with large-scale problems