تبیین چارچوب مفهومی فضای شهری سالم بر اساس اصول شهر هوشمند

در دنیای کنونی، فضاهای شهری از یک‌ طرف و شهروند معاصر از طرف دیگر به‌شدت تحت تاثیر فضاها و تکنولوژی‌های هوشمند و مجازی قرارگرفته است. از این رو تامین فضاهایی که بتواند هم‌زمان با پاسخگویی به نیازهای سلامتی انسان معاصر، توجه ویژه به بعد هوشمندی زندگی معاصر داشته باشد، بسیار حائز اهمیت می‌باشد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تببین مولفه‌های موثر بر فضای شهری سالم هوشمند و ارائه یک چارچوب مفهومی عام در این راستا به این موضوع پرداخته است. پژوهش از منظر هدف‌گذاری کاربردی و از لحاظ ماهیت اطلاعات و شیوه تحلیل آنها، کیفی است و در زمره پژوهش‌های اسنادی و درنهایت برمبنای روش تحقیق آمیخته می‌باشد. در این راستا ابتدا ابعاد و مولفه‌های شهر سالم و شهر هوشمند که از سوی صاحب‌نظران و حرفه‌مندان گستره دانش شهرسازی مطرح‌شده است، جمع‌آوری شده و با روش تحلیل محتوا، کدگذاری و چارچوب عام شهر سالم و شهر هوشمند احصا می‌شود. در مرحله بعدی، شاخص‌های احصا شده در مرحله اول، تجمیع شده و با استفاده از معیارهای 5‌گانه و با روش ماتریس گولر، امتیازدهی و رتبه‌بندی می‌شوند و «چارچوب مفهومی عام فضای شهری سالم با رویکرد شهر هوشمند» تبیین می‌شود. در گام سوم با استفاده از شاخص کاپا، کنترل کیفیت چارچوب استخراجی، انجام می‌شود و شناسنامه شاخص‌ها ارائه می‌گردد. این چارچوب متشکل از 5 بعد اقتصادی (1 مولفه، 3 شاخص)، اجتماعی (3 مولفه، 13 شاخص)، مدیریتی (1 مولفه، 4 شاخص)، کالبدی (5 مولفه، 26 شاخص) و زیست‌محیطی (2 مولفه، 5 شاخص) می‌باشد. بر اساس امتیازات نهایی، بعد زیست محیطی با امتیاز 9.4، بعد کالبدی با امتیاز 8.6، بعد اجتماعی با امتیاز 8، بعد اقتصادی با امتیاز 7.6 و بعد مدیریتی با امتیاز 6.9، به ترتیب اهمیت در برنامه‌ریزی فضای شهری سالم با رویکرد شهر هوشمند باید مورد توجه قرار بگیرند.

explaining a conceptual framework of a healthy urban space based on smart city principles

background and objectives: in the modern world, urban spaces, on the one hand, and contemporary citizens, on the other hand, are heavily influenced by the effects of smart and virtual spaces and technologies. hence, it is pivotal to establish spaces that would simultaneously meet the health needs of contemporary humans and pay special attention to the smart dimensions of contemporary life. the concepts of a healthy city and a smart city are emerging ideas that were introduced towards the end of the twentieth century, driven by the rapid growth of urban populations and the resulting challenges, along with economic and technological changes brought about by globalization. the concept of healthy cities was developed within an initiative framework by the world health organization and was introduced in the wake of the search for promoting health by a general entity of the international sphere (taylor, 2010). the concept of smart cities was also initiated by technological companies in the private sector and refers to the utilization of innovations and technological sources in urban infrastructure and services. accordingly, just as there are a large number of innovative approaches, there are common indicators used both in healthy cities and in smart cities. assuming a general health priority, the subject of smartization in urban space is regarded as a strategic objective, causing the fatality of pandemic and non-pandemic diseases to be fewer and thus helping to create a prosperous and competitive economy. the present study aims to explain the components affecting a smart and healthy urban space and to provide a general conceptual framework in this connection.methods: from a goal perspective, the study was applied, and from the nature of information and its analytical perspective, it was qualitative, falling under documentary research. the present study was also considered a mixed research method. in this direction, the dimensions and components of a healthy and smart city, raised by professionals and experts, were first collected and were then coded by using content analysis, leading to the determination of a general healthy and smart city framework. next, the determined indicators were firstly incorporated and then scored and ranked by ten experts by using the five criteria of urban space scales, health and smartization relevance, easiness of access to information, measurability, and spatial diversity changes via the goeller scorecard method. because the five criteria are not equally important, the ahp method and expert choice software were used to assign weights to the criteria. to calculate the final score, the score of each indicator was multiplied by the weight of the relevant criterion, and then all the scores resulting from the indicators were added up, leading to a final score of 10. the indicators that received a score of higher than 5 were selected and the “general conceptual framework of a healthy city with a smart city approach” was explained. finally, to control the quality of the extracted framework, the cohen’s kappa index was used to compare the researcher’s view with an expert’s to finally provide an id of indicators.findings: the explained conceptual framework consisted of 5 economic, social, managerial, physical and environmental dimensions, encompassing 12 components and 52 indicators of a healthy and smart urban space. the economic dimension consists of the component of economic prosperity and the indicators of strengthening local markets, tourism, and business diversity.