ارائه الگوی روش‌شناسانه مطالعات علوم رفتاری در شهر؛ فرا روش مطالعات داخلی 1390 تا 1402

در حوزه علوم رفتاری، فقدان الگوی روش‌شناسی، شامل شیوه گردآوری و تحلیل، روش، رویکرد، راهبرد، هدف و پارادایم پژوهش، منجر به تعدد رهیافت‌های پژوهش شده است و همین امر سبب بروز ناهماهنگی میان اجزای مختلف پژوهش و عدم تحقق اهداف بوده است. پژوهش حاضر به دنبال دستیابی به چارچوب روشی مناسبی جهت افزایش کارایی پژوهش‌ها در این حوزه است. این مطالعه به صورت نظام‌مند با رویکرد فرا روش در دوره سال‌های (1402-1390)، به بررسی ملاحظات روش‌شناسی در حوزه علوم رفتاری پرداخته است. در این بررسی70 مقاله مرتبط از پایگاه‌های علمی داخلی استخراج و پس از حذف مقالات نامرتبط، 30 مقاله تحلیل شد. بررسی‌ها نشان داد، مطالعات فوق غالباً از نظر ساختاری تناسبی نداشته و از نظر محتوایی تنها به بررسی یک یا دو مورد از رفتارها پرداخته است. مطالعات اغلب از نوع کاربردی بوده و به پژوهش‌های توسعه‌ای و بنیادی کمتر توجه شده است. در این پژوهش، الگویی مبتنی بر چارچوب و نوع سوال پژوهش معرفی شده است. این الگو با توجه به هدف و نوع سوال تحقیق، مسیر پژوهش را از نظر روش انجام آن، روشن می‌کند.

the meta-method of behavioral sciences research in iran (2011-2023): methodology pattern declaration

background and objectives: behavioral science is a dynamic and evolving field shaped by the context of its broader environment. this evolution is marked by a bidirectional relationship involving a two-way interaction, where behavioral science both influences and is influenced by other scientific disciplines. consequently, research in this field adopts various perspectives, tailored to factors such as age, gender, physical, and environmental conditions, depending on the study’s objectives. the diversity of perspectives results in a wide range of valid research methodologies, with each study employing distinct methods, tools, and approaches to meet its goals. however, despite this diversity, there is a notable lack of consistency and coherence in the methodological approaches used across behavioral science studies. this inconsistency affects multiple aspects of research, including data collection and analysis tools, methods, strategies, aims, and overarching paradigms. the outcome is a proliferation of varied research approaches that often lack alignment, leading to dissonance among different research components. this methodological inconsistency presents significant challenges, limiting researchers’ ability to effectively achieve their objectives. given the inherent complexity of urban issues within behavioral and social sciences, there is a strong need for innovation throughout all stages of research. this need extends from the initial phases of problem formulation and the definition of objectives and hypotheses to the development of various theories. achieving such innovation and ensuring research effectiveness in this field requires the creation of a systematic methodological framework. this study aims to address this critical gap by proposing a suitable methodological framework to improve the efficiency, coherence, and overall vision of research in behavioral sciences. to achieve this, the study utilizes a meta-method approach, reviewing methodological considerations in behavioral sciences research conducted from 2011-2023.methods: the research methodology for this study is qualitative, involving a comprehensive content analysis of existing behavioral sciences studies related to behavioral sciences. the approach is grounded in meta-method considerations, which offer a structured framework for the analysis. the meta-method approach follows a seven-stage process: 1) formulation of the research question, 2) an extensive literature review and selection of relevant articles, 3) a systematic review of the articles, 4) data extraction, 5) data analysis and findings, 6) presentation and interpretation of findings, and 7) drawing conclusions based on the analysis. initially, 70 articles related to the research topic were identified from reputable domestic scientific databases. a rigorous selection process was then applied to exclude articles with minimal relevance, involving a detailed review of titles, abstracts, and full texts. this ultimately led to the selection of 30 articles for in-depth analysis. to further refine the methodological framework, the onion model of research was used in analyzing these studies, with the aim of proposing an appropriate methodological model for conducting research in behavioral sciences.findings: the analysis of the selected studies uncovered a significant gap in the methodological orientation of behavioral sciences research. many studies lack a clear methodological framework that aligns with their research objectives, often concentrating narrowly on one or two behavioral aspects, such as walking or standing, without using a structured methodology. furthermore, most of these studies are field-based and focus on micro-urban and meso-urban scales, reflecting a localized and indigenous approach to problem-solving. while this localized focus is valuable, it limits the ability to generalize and apply findings to broader contexts within behavioral sciences research.