تحلیلی بر تاثیر فعالیت‌های اقتصادی معاصر بر سازمان‌فضایی بازار بزرگ تبریز

بازارهای سنتی، در پی سرعت تغییر و تحولات فعالیت‌های اقتصادی معاصر ناشی از مدرنیزاسیون، با دگرگونی‌های بسیاری همراه بوده‌اند. این‌ مساله، تغییر سازمان‌فضایی بازارها را در پی داشته است. بازار سنتی تبریز نمونه‌ای از این موارد می‌باشد. فرضیه پژوهش این است که فعالیت‌های اقتصادی معاصر بر سازمان‌فضایی بازار سنتی این شهر تاثیر شگرفی داشته است. پژوهش حاضر با استفاده از روش کیفی با راهبرد منطق پس‌کاوی و بهره‌گیری از منابع کتابخانه‌ای و مشاهدات عینی در پی درک این مسله و نحوه‌ی کنترل برخی از پیامدهای اقتصادی، اجتماعی، کالبدی و فیزیکی آن است. مطالعات نشان می‌دهد که بازار تبریز از اواخر قاجار، با تحول در نوع و شیوه‌ی فعالیت‌های اقتصادی جدید و رشد فیزیکی به‌تبع افزایش جمعیت و مهاجرت، شاهد ورود و حضور انبوه کالاهای تولیدی و وارداتی و نیز شهرسازی مدرن بوده به‌گونه‌ای که سازمان‌یابی فضایی بازار، توان پاسخ به این حجم از بازار کالا و خدمات را نداشت. این حجم از تولید و عرضه، تناسب فضاهای بازار را دچار شکاف کرده و موجب تضعیف مبادلات آن در سطح منطقه و شهر شد. ساختار‌ قدیمی بازار نیز با توجه به نیازهای نوین دچار تغییراتی گاه جدی گردید که به متروکه شدن پاره‌ای از فضاها و عناصر شاخص و اضافه شدن فضاهای ناهمگون انجامید. این مساله در مواردی به از بین رفتن سلسله‌مراتب و الگوهای فعالیتی و کالبدی در بازار و ایجاد الگویی در پیرامون آن شد که هم‌پیوندی لازم را برقرار نمی‌ساخت. ازاین رو، ضمن شناخت بازار و ارتباط فضایی با اطراف، مدیریت تکنولوژی و نوآوری با بهره‌گیری از روش‌ها و ابزار کارآمد، مدیریت منابع انسانی و نهایتاً مدیریت پروژه در قالب طرح‌هایی چون ساماندهی اقتصادی و اجتماعی و کالبدی بازار و یا طرح‌های متداول شهرسازی چون احیا بافت تاریخی با توجه به واقعیات منطقه‌ای می‌توانند‌ راهکارهای مناسبی در حفظ و ارتقای سازمان‌فضایی بازار باشند.

analysis of the impact of contemporary economic activities on tabriz grand bazaar spatial organization

background and objectives: due to modernization, traditional bazaars in iran have undergone many changes following the pace of changes and developments in contemporary economic activities. this issue has led to a change in the spatial organization of bazaars, which in most cases, has been in line with the spatial organization heterogeneity and inconsistency. this research hypothesizes that contemporary economic activities have had a tremendous impact on the spatial organization of tabriz grand bazaar. this research aims to investigate the relationship between contemporary economic activities and the spatial organization of this bazaar.methods: this research is based on the bibliographic study of documents and direct observations. it is conducted by the retroductive research strategy and qualitative approaches to discover the impact of contemporary economic activities on the spatial organization in tabriz grand bazaar and to control some of its economic, social, and physical consequences.findings: although iran has had no inherent economic and social changes since the late qajar period, the factories and machine products have replaced traditional and local goods and services. the investors owned the majority of possessions and production tools. expanding the deals in this system has led the small outputs not to be accountable. and as a result, this caused the small craft productions to transform into factory productions. therefore, this period is the era in which the products are constantly altered. in the following, some of the contemporary economic factors are mentioned. some examples include the expansion of markets and free contests, increase in the manufacturing and factory productions, enhancement of the social imbalance with high differences, increase in ownership of possessions and manufacturing tools by investors, and incentive for highinterest rates (domination of production in sales), the consumers’ supremacy, the focus of workforce, paying particular attention to creating the valueadded, the expansion of transportations and commodity exchanges and also the domination of capitalism. the studies represent that from the late qajar period, tabriz bazaar witnessed the entry and presence of mass production and imported goods. modern urban planning emerged in tabriz bazaar by the change in the type and method of new economic activities and physical growth due to population growth and migration. therefore, the spatial organization of the bazaar could not respond to this volume of goods and services. this production and supply volume split the bazaar space and debilitated the trade with the region and city. the old structure of the bazaar also underwent serious changes due to new needs, which led to the abandonment of some spaces and the addition of heterogeneous spaces. in some cases, this issue led to the disappearance of the hierarchy and patterns of activity and physicality in the bazaar and led to the creation of inconsistent spaces. the research reveals that spatial organization characteristics, such as centrality, patterns and index elements, structure, and hierarchy of the grand bazaar have been influenced by contemporary economic activities in different ways. the establishment of new commercial places in the bazzar neighborhood, especially the commercial complexes and specialized markets built in the postrevolution period, attracted lots of people. as a result, the function of the bazaar as the sales center changed. the hierarchical organization of the bazaar has also changed due to adherence to the new road networks and innovations, yet it maintained its physical entirety.conclusion: the results reveal that providing centrality, like economic activities in bazaar neighborhoods, and reawakening the prosperous and currencyflowboosting jobs with a focus on increasing