تدوین و اولویت‌بندی راهبردهای توسعه گردشگری

ﺑﺴﯿﺎری از ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰان و ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖﮔﺬاران ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ از ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮی ﺑﻪ ﻣﺜﺎﺑﻪ رﮐﻦ اﺻﻠﯽ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﯾﺎد ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰی اﺻﻮﻟﯽ و ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ و ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎ و ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖﻫﺎی ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮی ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﺆﺛﺮی در ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ رواﺑﻂ و ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎت اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی و در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﻠﯽ و ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪای و ﺗﻨﻮع ﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﺑﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﻣﻠﯽ و ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪای ﺑﺮ ﻋﻬﺪه دارد. ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ درﺻﺪد اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روﯾﮑﺮدی ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻘﯽ از ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏﻫﺎی ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢﮔﯿﺮی ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﻌﯿﺎره در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﻓﺎزی ﻧﻈﯿﺮ ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢﮔﯿﺮی ﮔﺮوﻫﯽ ﻓﺎزی و ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺒﮑﻪای ﻓﺎزی ﺑﻪ ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ و اوﻟﻮﯾﺖﺑﻨﺪی راﻫﺒﺮدﻫﺎی ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮی در اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﻮزﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﭙﺮدازد. در راﺳﺘﺎی دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻫﺪف، اﯾﻦ ﺳﺆال ﻣﻄﺮح ﻫﺴﺖ ﮐﻪ راﻫﺒﺮدﻫﺎی ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮی اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﻮزﺳﺘﺎن ﮐﺪاﻣﻨﺪ؟ و ﮐﺪام راﻫﺒﺮد ﺑﺎﯾﺪ در اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ اﺟﺮاﯾﯽ ﻣﺪﯾﺮان ذیرﺑﻂ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد؟ ﺟﻬﺖ ﭘﺎﺳﺨﮕﻮﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺳﺆال، ﭘﺲ از ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻨﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، از ﻧﻈﺮات ﺗﻌﺪاد 30 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن و ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن داﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ و اﺟﺮاﯾﯽ ﺣﻮزه ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮی اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ در ﺟﻬﺖ ﻧﯿﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮی در اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﻮزﺳﺘﺎن، ﻣﯽﺑﺎﯾﺴﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎﺗﯽ ﻧﻤﻮدن راﻫﺒﺮدﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ: راﻫﺒﺮد ﺗﻨﻮع (ﺑﺎ اﻣﺘﯿﺎز وزﻧﯽ 33/28%)؛ راﻫﺒﺮد ﺗﻬﺎﺟﻤﯽ (ﺑﺎ اﻣﺘﯿﺎز وزﻧﯽ 26/43%)؛ راﻫﺒﺮد ﺗﺪاﻓﻌﯽ (ﺑﺎ اﻣﺘﯿﺎز وزﻧﯽ 21/12%) و راﻫﺒﺮد ﺑﺎزﻧﮕﺮی (ﺑﺎ اﻣﺘﯿﺎز وزﻧﯽ 19/17%)، در راس ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎی اﺟﺮاﯾﯽ ﻣﺪﯾﺮان ذیرﺑﻂ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﺬﮐﻮر ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از ﻏﻠﺒﻪ ﻧﻘﺎط ﻗﻮت و ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪﻫﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺿﻌﻒﻫﺎ و ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎی ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮی اﺳﺘﺎن است.

Developing and Prioritizing Strategies of Tourism Development of Khuzestan Province via an Integration of Fuzzy DEMATEL and ANP Techniques

A large group of development planners and policymakers know the tourism industry as a key pillar of sustainable development, effective on developing economic relations and consequently national development by identifying and planning proper tourism and diagnosing tourism opportunities and constraints and consequently the national and regional development and diversification of national and regional economy. The present study seeks to formulate and prioritize tourism development strategies in Khuzestan Province via an integrated approach of multicriteria decisionmaking techniques in Fuzzy environment such as FDEMATEL and Fuzzy Network Analysis Process (FANP). In order to achieve this goal, the main question of the research is what strategies of tourism development in Khuzestan province and which strategy should be of top priority for the concerned managers? To answer this question, a comprehensive overview of the literature related to research has been used by 30 academic experts and officials in the field of tourism.The research results indicated that for obtaining tourism development of in Khuzestan Province, operationalization of priorities should be considered at the top of executive programs of the relevant managers: diversity strategy (ST) (with a weight score as 33.28%); offensive strategy (with a weight score as 26.43%); defensive strategy (WT) (with a weight score as 21.22%) and revision strategy (WO) (with a weight score as 17.19%). The results reveal the strengths and threats of the weaknesses and opportunities in tourism development of the province.