dietary ethanolic extract of prosopis juliflora improved immune-antioxidant capacity and resistance to cold water stress in pacific white shrimp, litopenaeus vannamei

Prosopis species, particularly prosopis juliflora are known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antifungal properties. the present study evaluated the effect of three doses of dietary ethanolic leaf extract of p. juliflora (elepj), i.e., 0.25, 0.5, and 1% on the immune- antioxidant system and the resistance to cold water stress in pacific white shrimp, litopenaeus vannamei. after 60 days of the feeding trial, the shrimps fed diets containing 0.5 and 1% elepj showed significantly higher lysozyme activity, superoxide dismutase, phenol oxidase, and glutathione peroxidase than those of the control group (p<0.05). in response to the cold water stress, the shrimp fed diets containing 0.5 and 1% of elepj showed significantly higher stress resistance than the control group. these results suggest the positive effects of elepj on the immune-antioxidant system and stress resistance of l. vannamei and supplementation of 0.5-1% elepj is recommended for the farm-raised shrimp diet.