چارچوبی روش‌‌شناختی در شناسایی مسائل واجد ارزش پژوهش پیرامون «خاطره جمعی» در شهر ایرانی با اتخاذ رویکرد مسئله محور

مخدوش شدن ساختارهای کالبدیفعالیتی خاطره‌‌انگیز، تخریب بافت‌‌های تاریخی، تغییر شیوه زندگی و آسیب‌های جدی وارده به زیست‌‌بوم خاطره‌‌انگیز در پی فرآیند مدرنیزاسیون در شهرهای ایرانی، خاطرات جمعی را با چالش‌های گسترده‌‌ای روبرو ساخته است. هدف نوشتار حاضر، پیشنهاد چارچوب روش‌‌شناختی انتخاب مسائل واجد ارزش‌‌ پژوهش، پیرامون «خاطره جمعی در شهر ایرانی» و روش پژوهش، کیفی و ترکیبی از رویکرد مورد‌‌پژوهی (مسائل واجد ارزش پژوهشی دکتری شهرسازی در زمینه «خاطره جمعی») و فراترکیب کیفی مطالعات صورت‌‌پذیرفته در زمینه خاطرات جمعی است. در این نوشتار ضمن تاکید بر دیالکتیک عام و خاص پژوهش (آموختن علم به مفهوم جهان‌شمول و بازتولیدش در بستری محلی)، با استفاده از چارچوب روش‌‌شناختی سه‌‌مرحله‌‌ای پیشنهادی («تهیه فهرست اولیه مسائل» ، «برشماری مسائل واجد ارزش پژوهش» بر پایه ارزیابی چهارمرحله‌‌ای و «تدوین شناسنامه مسائل و ترسیم طرحواره پژوهش‌های پیشنهادی»)، هفت مسئله «انتقال معنا و تداوم خاطره در شهرهای معاصر»، «برهم‌‌خوردن تعادل تغییر، تداوم و ثبات و چالش تولید خاطره»، «عدم پیوند خاطرات با تجارب زیسته»، «فاصله به‌‌خاطر‌‌آورندگان با بستر مکانی خاطرات»، «خاطره‌‌زدایی به بهانه مدرنیزاسیون یا انتفاع اقتصادی»، «تغییر سبک زندگی و اثرات آن بر خاطرات جمعی» و «معارضه‌‌جویی معاصر انسان ایرانی» به عنوان مسائل واجد ارزش پژوهش پیرامون خاطره جمعی در شهر ایرانی شناسایی گردیده است.

A Methodological Framework in Identifying the ResearchWorthy Problems in the Field of “Collective Memory in Iranian Cities” by Adopting ProblemBased Approach

Iranian cities have experienced a dramatic change (as a great contemporary challenge) since the last century, leading to a failure of physical, sociocultural and ecological coherence and confronting collective memories with significant challenges. In such circumstances, the collective memories of the citizens are forgotten and we are faced with the cities that are alienated from their pasts whose soul and meaning have completely changed. Demolishing urban historical fabrics, irreparable damages to the physical, sociocultural and ecological structure of the cities as well as a substantial change in lifestyles are some evidence of this drastic change. A change that could entail the need for research about collective memory in Iranian cities. That is why counting the indigenous researchworthy problems in this field becomes deeply significant. The aim of this study is to propose a methodological framework about the process of counting the contextbased challenges and selecting the researchworthy problems particularly focused on “collective memory in Iranian cities” by adopting a problembased approach and respecting the indigenous originality of the research. This research is qualitative, and the methodology is a combination of the case study approach (by studying a specific experience in choosing the research topic of Ph.D. in Urban Planning around collective memory as a general topic), qualitative metasynthesis of the Iranian researches about collective memory and the methodological texts in the field of problembased research (in order to find the method of identifying researchworthy problems). This process has been a reciprocal process between case study and qualitative content analysis of methodological texts. This means that firstly, after a metasynthesis of Iranian researches about collective memory, a study has been conducted on the method of counting researchworthy problems, considering the need to observe the dialectic of the universal and the particular and indigenous originality of research, the need to rely on problembased research and identify the real issues of Iran. Then, the proposed method has been used in a real case study of choosing the Ph.D. research topic. In this paper, seven problems including “meaning transmission and memory permanence in the contemporary city”, “an imbalance between change, continuity and constancy: the challenges of memory production in the contemporary city”, “disassociation between collective memory and lived experiences in the city”, “the distance between memorizers and memories”, “removing memories in order to gain modern services/ profitmaking”, “changes in the lifestyle and concepts and its role on citizens collective memories” and “contemporary challenge and disintegrating the city meaning system” has been identified as the researchworthy problems in the field of collective memory in the Iranian cities, by using the proposed methodological framework and focusing on indigenous originality of the research. The final proposed methodological model is based on a threestep process including “preparing the initial checklist of the problems” resulting from personal and practical observations and experiences, “identifying the researchworthy problems” through a fourstep evaluation of the problems (look, read, synthesize, conclusion) and “preparing concise proposals of possible researches about the problems”.