شناسایی و ظرفیت‌سنجی کنشگران مدیریت نوسازی و بازآفرینی شهری در سطح ملی و محلی (کلانشهر تهران) و تحلیل شبکه ارتباطی آنها

امروزه یکی از چالش‌های اساسی در مدیریت بازآفرینی‌شهری، عدم شناخت کافی از کنشگران این حوزه در سطوح مختلف مدیریتی و الگوی روابط آنها و نیز ناکافی‌بودن مطالعات در خصوص ظرفیت‌سنجی کنشگران اصلی است. بنابراین، هدف تحقیق شناسایی، ظرفیت‌سنجی و تحلیل روابط کنشگران به منظور دستیابی به شرایط مناسب‌تر در فرایند مدیریت بازآفرینی در سطح ملی و کلانشهر تهران است. بدین ترتیب این پژوهش از نوع کاربردی بوده و روش آن آمیخته است. به منظور دستیابی به هدف تحقیق، علاوه بر بررسی مبانی نظری موضوع، اسناد مختلفی همچون آئین‌نامه‌ها، تفاهم‌نامه‌ها و نیز صورتجلسات سازمان نوسازی شهر تهران مورد تحلیل محتوا قرار گرفته و در نهایت به منظور افزایش پایایی و روایی تحقیق و تکمیل داده‌ها از روش مصاحبه با کارشناسان و مدیران تراز اول سازمان‌های دست اندرکار استفاده شده است. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهند که تعدد کنشگران این حوزه بسیار زیاد بوده ولی در عمل تفوق بر بخش‌های دولتی و عمومی (شهرداری‌ها) است و بخش‌های خصوصی و اجتماعات محلی نقش کمرنگی در ساختار مدیریت بازآفرینی شهری در تهران دارند. از نظر ارتباطی کانون‌های مشخصی قابل شناسایی بوده است و ارتباطات عمودی بین نهادها قابل ملاحظه نیستند. همچنین در این تحقیق نشان داده شد که این کنشگران از ظرفیت‌های قابل توجهی برخوردار بوده که پتانسیل مناسبی برای سیاست‌گذاری و مدیریت بازآفرینی شهرها است.

Identification and Capacity Assessment of Managerial Actors of Urban Regeneration and Renewal at National and Local Level (City of Tehran) and Analysis of Their Correlation Network

Studies in the field of regeneration management in Iran show that despite the efforts and planning, so far, the process of urban renovation and regeneration in the national level and especially in Tehran has not been carried out with the participation of all actors and stakeholders. However, in recent years, with the formation of the Tehran Metropolitan Reconstruction Headquarter, a concerted effort has been made to achieve interorganizational coordination, both within the municipality and with related institutions outside the municipality. In spite of these joint actions, there are still political and functional Fragmentation among these actors. Each of these actors has specific powers according to their organizational duties and has access to the necessary resources in this field. However, the inconsistency between their actions and sometimes the overlap of tasks between them and the lack of a clear institutional plan are among the causes that have led to a lack of organizational coordination, thus, the failure to achieve the desired goal. Therefore, the lack of integrated and coordinated management and its support mechanisms in the field of urban renovation and regeneration has caused the renovation process to have a significant distance from the goals of the country’s macroplans. Although the formation of a National Urban Regeneration Headquarter can provide some coordination between different organizations at different national and urban levels, it cannot achieve its main goals without a coherent plan that considers the various tasks of the different institutions in coordination with each other. The purpose of this study is to identify the actors of regeneration and renovation management at the national and local level (Tehran metropolis) as well as the pattern of its current relationships and ultimately the capacity assessment of key actors in this field. Thus, this is an applied research using a mixed method. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, in addition to examining the theoretical foundations of the subject, various documents such as bylaws and memorandum and records of the Tehran Renovation Organization were analyzed. Finally, to increase the reliability and validity of the research and complete the data, the method of interviewing experts and top managers of the involved organizations has been used. Findings show that the number of actors in this field is very high, but in practice it is dominated by the governmental and public sectors (municipalities) while the private sector and local communities have a small role in the structure of regeneration management. In this case, the actors generally follow their specified organizational missions and systematically prefer the interests of the organization to the issue of regeneration. In terms of communication, certain centers are recognizable and vertical connections between institutions are not noticeable. The study also shows that these actors have significant capacities, which have a great potential for policy and management of urban regeneration.