effect of osteogenic genes expression on bone tissue treatment; an engineered animal model

Aims: scaffolds are replaced with newly formed bone over time through cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. additionally, hesperadin reduces osteoclast activity, preventing the absorption of trabecular bone. this research aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of chitosan scaffolds enriched with various concentrations of hesperidin flavonoid on femur fractures by evaluating the expression of runx2 and ocn genes.materials & methods: the experimental study employed 36 male wistar rats, each weighing between 220 and 260g, who were randomly assigned to one of six groups following the establishment of a fracture line in the right leg; control (femur fracture model) and treatment groups with scaffolds loaded with different percentages of hesperidin (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10% by polymer weight). after 2 months, the bones were extracted and studied using histological (trichromasson stain) and real-time pcr methods. findings: compared to the control group, the evaluation of real-time pcr results demonstrated a substantial increase in runx2 gene expression in hesp1%. also, there was a significant decrease in the expression of this gene in the 0% and 10% groups compared to the 1% group. however, no significant difference was observed between the groups in the expression of the ocn gene. histological evaluation of the hesp1% group showed new bone replacement and collagen matrix, compared to the control and the other treated groups.conclusion: a chitosan scaffold containing 1% hesperidin has a potential role in bone lesion repair and is a suitable therapeutic strategy in tissue engineering.