histological evaluation of vitronectin protein/angiopoietin-like 4 protein on bone healing in rats

Aims: bone defect repair is still a serious clinical orthopedic issue. to preserve skeletal integrity, bone is a highly vascularized tissue that relies on a close spatial and temporal interaction between blood vessels and bone cells. the aim of the study was to see if the local application of vitronectin protein /angiopoietin-like 4 protein as an autoinducer could help with bone repair.material & methods: in this study, 48 albino male rats weighing 300-400 grams and aged 6-8 months were employed under temperature, drinking, and food consumption control conditions. the animals were subjected to a surgical procedure on the medial side of the tibiae bone. in the control group, the bone defect was treated with a local application of an absorbable hemostatic sponge, whereas in the experimental group, which was divided into three subgroups, a group i the bone defect was treated with a local application of 1mg vitronectin protein, group ii with a local application of 1mg angiopoietin-like 4 protein, and group iii with a local application of a combination of the two (0.5mg vitronectin protein and 0.5 mg of angiopoietin-like 4). the absorbable hemostatic sponge was used to fix all of the experimental groups. 14 and 28 days following surgery, the rats were slaughtered (six rats for each period).findings: in comparison to other groups, bone defects treated with local application of both vitronectin and angiopoietin protein exhibit new bone formation with a high bone cell count and high bone architectures in terms of trabecular number, bone marrow area, and bone marrow space. conclusion: the findings of this investigation revealed that a combination of vitronectin and angiopoietin-like proteins exhibited potential efficacy in boosting bone defect healing.