permeable triangular vanes effect on turbulent flow field

In this study, a large eddy simulation (les) model was used to simulate the turbulent flow field around the triangular vanes affected by different permeability rates and vanes angle. depth-averaged velocity and bed shear stress distributions are affected due to the local effects of the triangular vanes structure; however, by increasing the permeability rate, these structures impacts on the flow field have been reduced. on average, maximum bed shear stress values around the simulated vanes were 3.47 times the tmean. tip velocity near the bed region for the 70% permeable vane with q = 58  and q = 68  was 1.13 times the vapp. the thalweg line alignment was affected by the flow field constriction and local flow structure. due to the triangular vanes' cross-sectional opening and smoother flow deflection, which varied between 4º and 30º, the thalweg line generally showed a minor deflection from the channel centerline.