رتبه‌بندی دوره‌ها و سرفصل‌های آموزشی رانندگان حرفه‌ای

آموزش به رانندگان حرفه‌ای در کشورهای پیشرو در ایمنی ترافیک مورد توجه زیادی قرار گرفته است. در کشور ما نیز آمار تصادفات جاده‌ای و شهری آنچنان رو به فزونی نهاده که مسئولین امر را بر آن داشته که اقدام به برگزاری کلاس‌های تخصصی به رانندگان حرفه‌ای نمایند. هدف این تحقیق، رتبه‌بندی دوره‌ها و سرفصل‌های آموزشی رانندگان حرفه‌ای می‌باشد. داده‌های مورد نیاز به صورت پرسشگری از 39 کارشناس در حوزه ایمنی و آموزش و 80 راننده حرفه‌ای در زمینه حمل بار و مسافر جمع‌آوری شده است. در نهایت پنج دوره‌ی آموزش و سرفصل‌های مربوط به هر دوره، که در مجموع 24 سرفصل می‌باشد، به وسیله مدل ترکیبی fahp و ftopsis رتبه‌بندی شدند. نتایج بدین شرح است که در دوره‌های آموزش به ترتیب: مهارت‌های حرفه‌ای رانندگی، قوانین و مقررات حمل‌ونقل عمومی، بهداشت و سلامت شغلی، ضوابط حمل‌ومهار بار و شناخت مشخصات وسیله‌نقلیه، رتبه‌های 1تا 5 را کسب کردند. در دوره‌های مهارت‌های حرفه‌ای رانندگی، شناخت مشخصات وسایل‌نقلیه، بهداشت و سلامت شغلی، قوانین و مقررات حمل‌ونقل عمومی و ضوابط حمل و مهار بار به ترتیب سرفصل‌های‌ امداد و نجات جاده‌ای، آشنایی با سیستم‌ها و فن‌آوری‌های جدبد، اثر اختلالات خواب و خستگی، ممنوعیت‌ها و تخلفات و شناخت و حمل مواد خطرناک رتبه‌ی اول و سرفصل‌های اصول اولیه رانندگی، آشنایی با جزئیات تنظیمی و تجهیزات داخلی، تغذیه سالم و مهارت زندگی در سفر، مدارک و اسناد و اتصال و انفصال کشنده و بارگیر رتبه آخر را بدست آوردند.

ranking courses and headlines of training professional drivers

according to the traffic safety action decade, countries are advised to plan their activities according to the five main pillars of road safety management, safer road traffic, safer vehicles, safer road users and post-accident response. training of road users is included in the two topics of safer road users and safety management. one of the important users on the roads are professional drivers working in the cargo and passenger sector, and accidents caused by these types of vehicles usually lead to injuries and deaths. in recent years, training for professional drivers has received a lot of attention in developed and developing countries, and countries such as the united states, england, australia, and even developing countries have paid attention to this issue. in other countries, there are even tests for heavy vehicle drivers when they receive a driving license for these vehicles, including the english hazard perception test, which is a type of task-oriented test, and drivers must percept different hazardous situations and get points based on that are evaluated. in iran, the statistics of the severity of road accidents of heavy vehicles have increased so much that the authorities have decided to organize specialized classes for professional drivers. the purpose of this research is to rank the training courses and topics of professional drivers. in this regard, in the initial step, according to the problems of cargo and passenger transport in the country and by reviewing the literature, the required educational topics were identified, and for this purpose, the current educational courses were also considered. the data required for the prioritize has been collected by questioning 39 experts in the field of safety and training and 80 professional drivers in the field of cargo and passenger transportation. in the use of multi-criteria decision models, there are three methods for data collection: the pairwise comparison matrix method (input of ahp and anp models), the decision matrix method (input of topsis and electre models, etc.) and the combined method that weights the criteria using the models based on the matrix method of pairwise comparisons and the ranking of options are calculated using the models based on the decision matrix method. in this research, a hybrid method was used for this purpose, and fuzzy logic was also used.finally, five training courses (professional driving skills, knowing the characteristics of vehicles, occupational health and safety, public transport rules and regulations, and rules for transporting and restraining all types of cargo) and the chapters related to each course, which is a total of 24 chapters, by means of a combined model fahp and ftopsis were ranked. the results are as follows: in the training courses: professional driving skills, public transportation rules and regulations, occupational health and safety, cargo handling rules, and knowledge of vehicle specifications, they were ranked 1 to 5. in the courses of professional driving skills, knowing the characteristics of vehicles, occupational health and safety, rules and regulations of public transportation and rules for transporting and restraining loads according to the headings of road rescue and rescue, familiarization with new systems and technologies, the effect of sleep disorders and fatigue, prohibitions and violations and knowing and carrying dangerous substances ranked first and headings of basic principles of driving, familiarity with regulatory details and interior equipment, healthy eating and life skills while traveling, documents and documents and connecting and disconnecting deadly and burdensome got the last rank. the results of this research can be used in revising and re-planning the training course for cargo and passenger transport drivers, as well as task-oriented training courses for professional drivers.