خوانش و تحلیل مولفه‌های کیفی موثر در ادراک فضای خانه‌های سنّتی یزد (مطالعه تطبیقی؛ خانه رسولیان و خانه مرتاض)

با گسترده شدن حوزه معماری و ارتباط آن با سایر رشته ها مانند رفتارشناسی و روان شناسی محیط، مباحثی مانند فرآیند ادراک و تحلیل مولفه های موثر بر آن، توجه بسیاری از پژوهشگران را به خود معطوف نموده است. نظریه پردازان مختلفی از جمله »لنگ «، »کرمونا « و »یان بنتلی « با بیان تئوری های مختلف در حوزه ادراک محیط، به بررسی مولفه های موثر بر ادراک کیفی پرداخته و مواردی از جمله خوانایی، تنوع، سرزندگی، انعطاف پذیری، حس مکان را در تبیین مولفه های کیفی ارائه کرده اند. این مقاله ضمن معرفی مدل های سنجش کیفیت بر اساس این نظریات، به استخراج و گزینش تاثیرگذارترین مولفه های موثر بر ادراک فضا می پردازد. در این پژوهش که از نوع ترکیبی است، نخست از میان مولفه های موثر بر کیفیت ادراک، چهار مولفه »تنوع، خوانایی، سازگاری بصری و غنای حسی « که از سوی عمده نظریه پردازان مورد توجه خاص بوده است، مورد گزینش قرار گرفته و ضمن توصیف و تحلیل کیفی هر یک از مولفه های انتخابی، شاخصه های کیفی از جمله هندسه، نظم، سیالیت، تعادل، خاطره انگیزی استخراج گردید. در بخش دوم با استفاده از روش پرسشنامه و تحلیل میانگین اطلاعات آماری حاصل شده، به سنجش تاثیر این مولفه ها پرداخته شد. در ادامه با هدف سنجش و ارزیابی شاخصه های مذکور در ادراک کیفی دو خانه سنتی در بافت تاریخی یزد یعنی »خانه رسولیان « و »خانه مرتاض «، وجوه شاخص تمایز ادراکی در این دو خانه را مورد بازشناسی و تحلیل دقیق قرار گرفت. تحلیل ها بیانگر وجوه اشتراک ادراکی در این دو خانه بوده است. با تکیه بر سنجش های کمی انجام شده، یافته های مقاله تایید می نماید که از منظر استفاده کنندگان، هر چهار مولفه مورد بررسی به میزان قابل توجهی در ادراک کیفی فضاهای این دوخانه تاثیر داشته اند و این امر نشانی از راز پویایی و ماندگاری معماری سنتی خانه های یزد است.

reading and analyzing qualitative components influencing spatial perception in traditional houses of yazd (a comparative study of rasoulian house and mortaz house)

with the expansion of the field of architecture and its connection with other fields such as behaviorism and environmental psychology, topics such as the process of perception and the analysis of the components affecting it have drawn the attention of many researchers. different theorists including lang, cremona and ian bentley expressed different theories in the field of environmental perception and examined the components affecting qualitative perception and things like readability, variety, vitality, flexibility, sense place and... have been presented in the explanation of qualitative components. while introducing the quality measurement models based on these theories, this article deals with the extraction and selection of the most effective components on the perception of space. in this research, which is of a mixed type, first among the components affecting the quality of perception, four components variety, readability, visual compatibility and sensory richness which have been given special attention by most theorists, were initially selected and while describing and analyzing the quality of each of the selected components, qualitative indicators such as geometry, order, fluidity, balance, evocativeness, etc. were extracted. because these indicators can be evaluated in the measurement of qualitative perception; in the second part of the article, the impact of the components and indicators was measured using the questionnaire method and the average analysis of the obtained statistical data. in the following, with the aim of measuring and evaluating the mentioned indicators in the qualitative perception of two traditional houses in the historical context of yazd, namely rasoulian and mortaz, which in recent decades have become parts of the yazd faculty of art and architecture. qualitative and quantitative measurements have been identified and analyzed in order to identify and accurately analyze the perceptual differences in these two houses. the respondents of the questionnaire of this research were graduates of yazd faculty of art and architecture who had the experience of attending these two houses for consecutive years and gained a relatively accurate understanding of these two houses. the analyzes have shown the perceptual commonalities in these two houses. relying on the quantitative measurements, the findings of the article confirm that from the perspective of the users, all four investigated components had a significant effect on the qualitative perception of the spaces of this two houses, and this is a sign of the secret of the dynamics and durability of traditional architecture of yazd. keywords: components of perception, mortaz house, quality of perception, perception of space, rasoulian house. introduction the field of architecture has undergone significant transformation over the years, evolving from a discipline primarily concerned with aesthetics and construction techniques to one that actively incorporates insights from behavioral science, environmental psychology, and sociology. this interdisciplinary approach has led to a deeper understanding of spatial perception and the components influencing it. the perception of space, which refers to the way humans cognitively and sensorially interpret their surroundings, plays a critical role in how architectural spaces are experienced, appreciated, and utilized. in recent decades, researchers and theorists such as kevin lynch, matthew carmona, and ian bentley have contributed extensively to this field, offering frameworks and theories that identify multiple key qualitative components effecting spatial perception. these components, including legibility, diversity, vitality, flexibility, and a sense of place, are foundational to creating spaces that resonate with users on cognitive, emotional, and sensory levels.this study delves into these theoretical insights by focusing on the traditional houses of yazd, a city renowned for its ingenious desert-adaptive designs and historic urban fabric. yazd rsquo;s traditional houses exemplify a harmonious blend of functional and aesthetic elements, offering a wealth of insights into how architecture can show environmental challenges while fostering a profound connection with its inhabitants. the research specifically examines and studies two exemplary traditional houses mdash;rasoulian house and mortaz house mdash;to explore the qualitative components influencing spatial perception. by conducting a comparative analysis, the study seeks to uncover the principles underlying the timeless appeal and enduring vitality of these architectural masterpieces. theoretical foundations and methodologythe central part to this research is the identification and analysis of key qualitative components that effect on spatial perception. based on a comprehensive review of theoretical literature and information, four components have been selected for detailed exploration: diversity, legibility, visual compatibility, and sensory richness. these components are frequently emphasized in the works of leading theorists and are considered essential in shaping meaningful and engaging architectural spaces. each component is analyzed to extract specific attributes that contribute to spatial quality. for instance: