بررسی تاثیر کود مرغی و سولفات پتاسیم بر خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی و عملکرد گیاه شنبلیله (trigonella foenum-graecum l.)

به‌منظور بررسی تاثیر کود مرغی و سولفات پتاسیم بر خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی و عملکرد گیاه شنبلیله (trigonella foenum-graecum l.)، پژوهشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سال زراعی 1401-1400 در شهرستان قوچان در شمال استان خراسان رضوی انجام گردید. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل کود پلیت مرغی در سه سطح (صفر و 1000 و 2000 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به‌صورت کاربرد خاکی و سولفات پتاسیم (سولوپتاس) در چهار سطح (صفر، 1.5، 3 و 5 در هزار) به‌صورت محلول‌پاشی بودند. نتایج نشان داد که بالاترین میزان ارتفاع ساقه فرعی و اصلی، وزن خشک برگ و دیگر صفات رشدی با مصرف بیشترین سطح کود مرغی (2000 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به‌دست آمد، که البته با سطح 1000 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود مرغی اختلاف معنی‌داری نداشت. همچنین بیشترین میزان صفات رشدی با کاربرد بیشترین سطح سولوپتاس یعنی پنج در هزار حاصل شد. نتایج اثر متقابل دو کود مورد بررسی نشان داد که برهم‌کنش کود آلی و شیمیایی سبب تاثیر دوچندان بر صفات رشدی مورد بررسی گردید. سطح 2000 کیلوگرم کود مرغی موجب افزایش 16.38 درصدی وزن هزار دانه شنبلیله نسبت به عدم کوددهی شد. وزن هزار دانه در سطح پنج در هزار سولوپتاس به‌میزان 10.408 گرم و در سطح عدم کوددهی 8.906 گرم بود. همچنین برهم‌کنش کود مرغی 2000 کیلوگرم در هکتار با هر سطح از سولوپتاس موجب بیشترین تعداد غلاف در بوته شنبلیله شد. بیشترین سطوح هر دو تیمار سبب افزایش عملکرد دانه و بیولوژیک نسبت به عدم کوددهی (سطح شاهد) شد. در مجموع بیشترین عملکرد ماده خشک شنبلیله با مصرف 2000 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود مرغی و پنج در هزار سولوپتاس به‌دست آمد.

investigating the effect of chicken manure and potassium sulfate on the physiological properties of fenugreek (trigonella foenum-graecum l.) medicinal plant

introductionfenugreek (trigonella foenum-graecum l.), is an annual plant found in many countries in africa, asia, and europe, and india is the largest producer in the world. there are two types of fenugreek, one botanically known as trigonella foenum-gracum and the other trigonella corniculata (champa or kasturi methi) of the leguminosae family. the integrated management system is a system in which reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and the combined use of chemical fertilizers and organic materials are considered. among organic fertilizers, chicken manure is very important due to its high nitrogen concentration, high carbon quality, low carbon-nitrogen ratio, and providing large amounts of important nutrients required for plant growth. the appropriate amount of potassium sulfate fertilizer in the soil facilitates the osmotic adjustment in the soil, as a result of which the osmotic pressure remains in the leaves, and in this way, the plant’s ability to cope with drought stress increases. therefore, considering the mentioned cases and the lack of scientific information in the field of combining fertilizers, in this research, an attempt was made to find a suitable fertilizer combination consisting of chicken manure and potassium sulfate for the fenugreek plant.materials and methodsto investigate the effect of chicken manure and potassium sulfate on the physiological characteristics of the fenugreek medicinal plant, factorial research was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications in the crop year 2021-2022 in qochan city in the north of razavi khorasan province. experimental treatments included chicken manure at three levels (0, 1000, and 2000 kg. h-1) and potassium sulfate at four levels (0, 1.5, 3, and 5 per thousand). the chicken manure concentrate was given to the ground according to the investigated area before planting. the planting depth of fenugreek seeds was considered to be 1.5 cm. to prevent the binding of seeds, the seeds were covered with fine sand mixed with animal manure. then, at the 4-6 leaf stage, thinning was done to reach the appropriate density. the first irrigation after planting and subsequent irrigations were done once every six days until the end of the growing season. also, soluptas fertilizer was applied as a foliar spray after planting, from the six-leaf stage to the flowering stage, three times with an interval of 14 days. the investigated traits of this experiment included morphological and physiological traits, which were sampled after the plants were fruited and the pods turned yellow by removing the marginal effect.results and discussion the results showed that the highest level of secondary and main stem height, leaf dry weight and other growth traits were obtained with the highest level of chicken manure (2000 kg/ha), which of course was not significantly different from the level of 1000 kg/ha of chicken manure. the use of chicken manure, especially in arid and semi-arid areas, which mainly have low organic matter levels, in addition to increasing soil organic matter and availability of nutrients, can improve the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of these soils. also, the highest amount of growth traits was obtained with the use of the highest level of soluptas, i.e. five per thousand. in the interaction effect of two investigated fertilizers, it was observed that the interaction of organic and chemical fertilizers caused a double effect on the investigated growth traits.