ارزیابی ریسک فضاهای ورزشی روباز شمیرانات تهران در ارتباط با آلاینده های هوا و ارائه راهکارهای مدیریت حفظ محیط‌ زیست

هدف از این مقاله، ارزیابی ریسک زیست محیطی فضاهای ورزشی روباز در ارتباط با پهنه‌بندی آلاینده های  هوا با استفاده از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی gis می‌باشد. این تحقیق به لحاظ زمان اجرا، از نوع مقطعی و به لحاظ خروجی‌ها، از نوع کاربردی می‌باشد. جامعه آماری فضاهای ورزشی روباز شمیرانات تهران و  نمونه آماری 16 مجموعه ورزشی روباز در منطقه مطالعاتی با مقیاس متوسط تا بزرگ است. داده‌های ایستگاههای سنجش آلودگی در پیرامون منطقه، به روش کریجینگ، برای بازه زمانی 5 ساله درون‌یابی شدند. از شاخص کیفیت هوا (aqi) به عنوان استاندارد، جهت تطبیق داده‌ها استفاده گردید. رویهم‌گذاری لایه‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار arcgis, 9.2 انجام شد. مدل ویلیام فاین نیز به عنوان ابزار ارزیابی ریسک مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. کیفیت هوا در شش ماهه دوم بازه زمانی مورد نظر، اندکی نسبت به شش ماهه اول پایین‌تر بوده است. رتبه ریسک 250 بوده که نشانگر وضعیت اضطراری و «سطح ریسک متوسط» است و لازم است تا توجهات لازم در اسرع وقت صورت گیرد.بخش زیادی از مجموعه‌های ورزشی روباز در شمیرانات تهران، در معرض آلاینده‌های هوا قرار دارند و با توجه به آسیب‌پذیری ورزشکاران در شرایط آلودگی شدید هوا، لازم است تا با اتخاذ راهکارهای مدیریتی به ارتقای کیفیت این نوع از کاربری‌های شهری همت گماشت. abstract the purpose of this research is to assessment the environmental risk of outdoor sports spaces in relation to the zoning of air pollution using the gis. this research is of a practical type in terms of the type of crosssectional and in terms of outcomes. the statistical population of the study is the sports spaces of shemiranat in tehran, and a sample of 16 openfield sports complexes in a medium to large scale study area. data from 6 air pollutants (carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone and suspended particulates) were extracted from raw materials from the air pollution monitoring center and tehran air quality control company. unification integration, transformation and summarization of data. the data of pollution sensing stations around the region, by kriging method, were interpolated for a time interval of 5 years. the air quality index (aqi) was used as the standard for data alignment. layering overlay was performed using arcgis 9.2 software. the william fine model was also used as a risk assessment tool.the air quality in the second six months was slightly lower than the first six months. the risk rating is 250, indicating the state of emergency and the average risk level, and it is necessary to take the necessary attention as soon as possible. a large part of outdoor sports complexes in shemiranat, tehran, are exposed to air pollutants and due to the vulnerability of athletes in the case of severe air pollution, it is necessary to adopt quality management solutions to improve the quality of these types of urban applications.

Cognitive phenomenon of an urban square used of Matrix USCCM

The categorization system is an approach, and at the same time, a generic process for generating groups of ideas, objects, or concepts that all recognize them, while at the same time differentiating them into an entirely perceived one. Urban squares, as important urban space, needs a comprehensive understanding of the category structure. The number of classification approaches, as represented by theorists, has a formal or contentoriented construction and rarely has both of these dimensions. Only the stated categories do not really have the comprehensiveness to have a fullfledged methodology, and virtually all the standards that can be extracted by reverse engineering, for field recognition, lead the audience to some degree of ambiguity and complexity. The purpose of this research is to explain the new type of view and also the criteria for the cognitive phenomenon of an urban square, which can provide a complete categorization, which in this research is called the phenomenological category of the field, which is characterized by an Urban Square Comprehensive Cognition Matrix the urban capability Applies to. The type of research is analytic an extension that is also used to explain the type of product used. With the use of this USCCM matrix in 35 urban squares in several European countries and taking into account all aspects of its form and content, all case examples are identified in the matrix and are categorized in a specific structure. Consequently, using this matrix can be used as a comparison tool in the quality of urban fields and their ranking, and finally, by modeling this category, the criteria mentioned for the assessment of urban square analysis It was also discussed in future studies.