iranian efl learners’ willingness to communicate, self-perceived communication competence, and communication apprehension in l1 and l2: a comparative study

The present study investigated the relationships among willingness to communicate, communication apprehension, and self-perceived communication competence in persian (l1) versus english (l2). a total number of 235 adult native persian efl learners were selected through convenience sampling to participate in the study. the population consisted of 118 intermediate learners and 113 upper-intermediate learners. the transferability and predictability of these communication variables across l1 and l2 was checked through correlational analyses and linear regression. the findings showed that among these variables communication apprehension was more of a trait-like predisposition which was transferred across first language and foreign language. wtc in persian had little predictive effect on wtc in english; also, self-perceived communication competence in persian predicted only 15% of spcc in english. implications of findings could provide teachers insight into the extent to which these communication variables are trait-like or situational.