tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene polymorphism in diabetic patients with respiratory failure undergoing intensive care treatment

Introduction: reactive oxygen species (ros) levels increase in diabetes mellitus due to excessive glucose oxidation. the inflammatory response in cells triggers the activation of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumour necrosis factor (tnf)-α, interleukin (il)-1, interleukin (il)-6, and interleukin (il)-18. variations in the promoter region of the tnf-α gene can influence both the susceptibility to and severity of the disease. this research examines the correlation between tnf-α gene polymorphisms and the development of respiratory distress in patients with diabetes who are undergoing treatment in an intensive care unit.materials and methods: a total of 100 participants were involved in the study, comprising 50 individuals diagnosed with diabetes and an additional 50 non-diabetic individuals who served as a control group. the nested t-arms pcr assay was employed to determine the genotypes associated with the tnf-α t>c single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps). randomly selected samples underwent sequencing to validate the pcr findings, which revealed distinct genotypes for the tnf-α snps. patient data were collected, and laboratory variables were assessed. the information was subsequently entered into spss version 26.results: the presence of the heterozygous c/t genotype emerged as a notable risk factor, exhibiting an odds ratio (or) of 5.87 (65% ci, 1.12 - 27.8) with a p-value of 0.03. in contrast, the homozygous tt genotype did not demonstrate statistical significance, presenting an or of 1.87 (95% ci, 0.59 - 7.33) and a p-value of 0.25. these findings are derived from the genotyping of the tnf-α (rs1799964) c/t single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) in a cohort comprising patients experiencing respiratory distress and a control group.conclusion: the association between the emergence of respiratory diseases and the tnf-α (rs1799964) t/c polymorphism has been established. this specific genetic variant may represent a potential risk factor for the development of respiratory distress and could also function as a prognostic indicator for patients with diabetes who are undergoing treatment in intensive care units.