Evaluating the Effectiveness of Adding Magnesium Chloride to Conventional Protocol of Citrate Alkali Therapy in Children with Urolithiasis

Background: potassium citrate (k?cit) is one of the medicationswidely used in patients with urolithiasis. however, in some caseswith calcium oxalate (caox) urolithiasis, the significant responseto alkaline therapy with k?cit alone does not occur. there is scarcepublished data on the effect of magnesium chloride (mg?cl2) onurolithiasis in pediatric patients. this study aimed to evaluate theeffect of a combination of k?cit ? mgcl2 as oral supplements onurinary parameters in children with caox urolithiasis.methods: this study was conducted on 24 children with caoxurolithiasis supplements included potassium citrate (k?cit) andmagnesium chloride (mg?cl2). the serum and urinary electrolyteswere measured before (phase 0) and after prescribing k?cit alone(phase 1) and a combination of k?cit and mg?cl2 (phase 2). eachphase of therapy lasted for 4 weeks.results: the mean age of patients was 6.46 ± 2.7 years.hyperoxaluria and hypercalciuria were seen in 66% and 41% ofpatients, respectively. serum magnesium increased significantlyduring phase 2 comparing with phase 0. urinary citrate level wassignificantly higher in phase 1 and 2 in comparison with phase 0,p < 0.05. in addition, urinary oxalate excretion was significantlydiminished in phase 2 comparing with phase 0 and 1, p < 0.05.soft stool was reported by 4 patients, but not severe enough todiscontinue medications.conclusions: these results suggested that a combination ofk?cit and mg?cl2 chloride is more effective on decreasing urinaryoxalate excretion than k?cit alone. the iranian clinical trialregistration number irct138707091282n1.