modified sn-doped lacro3 nanostructures: focus on their characterization and applications as ethanol sensor at a lower temperature

The present work emphasizes the effect of the use of sn, with different concentrations, over the structural properties and sensing applications of lacro3. in this work, lacro3 nanostructures were modified with different concentration of sn (0.2 m %, 0.4 m %, 0.6 m % and 0.8 m  %).different modified sn-doped lacro3 was synthesized by sol–gel method and followed by preparation of thick films via a conventional screen printing approach. the characterizations done by means of x-ray diffraction (xrd), energy-dispersive x-ray (edx), scanning electron microscopy (sem) and transmission electron microscopy (tem) revealed the confirmation of a sn-doped lacro3 crystal structure and its morphology, respectively. these oxides were formulated to identify various air pollutants such as co2, ethanol, h2s, nh3, no2, and acetone. the sn-doped lacro3 with 0.4 m % sn displayed higher gas response to ethanol vapor at the range of 150–250 °c. the sensors additionally demonstrated proper recovery and acceptable stability. the graphical abstract demonstrates the in situ synthesis of sn-doped lacro3 by sol–gel method. similarly, it shows its characterization and finally, the thick films of doped sn demonstrate best selectivity for ethanol.